Characterizations of operator Birkhoff-James orthogonality

Abstract: In this paper, we obtain some characterizations of the (strong) Birkhoff--James orthogonality for elements of Hilbert

C^{*}

-modules and certain elements of

m a t h b b B (m a t h s c r H)

. Moreover, we obtain a kind of Pythagorean relation for bounded linear operators. In addition, for

T i n m a t h b b B (m a t h s c r H)

we prove that if the norm attaining set

m a t h b b M_{T}

is a unit sphere of some finite dimensional subspace

m a t h s c r H_{0}

of

m a t h s c r H

and

| T |_{{m a t h s c r H}_{0}^{p} e r p} < | T |

, then for every

S i n m a t h b b B (m a t h s c r H)

,

T

is the strong Birkhoff--James orthogonal to

S

if and only if there exists a unit vector

x i i n {m a t h s c r H}_{0}

such that

| T | x i = | T | x i

and

S^{*} T x i = 0

. Finally, we introduce a new type of approximate orthogonality and investigate this notion in the setting of inner product

C^{*}

-modules.

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