Number theoretic generalization of the monster denominator formula

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AA8F5DMaRDI QIDQ4599335zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Kathrin Bringmann, Ben Kane, Steffen Löbrich, Ken Ono, Larry Rolen

Publication date 29 December 2017

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.00453

zbMATH Keywords

moonshinepolar harmonic Maass formsdenominator formula

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relationship to Lie algebras and finite simple groups (11F22) Vertex operators; vertex operator algebras and related structures (17B69)

Abstract: The denominator formula for the Monster Lie algebra is the product expansion for the modular function $j(z)-j(au)$ in terms of the Hecke system of $operatorname{SL}_2(mathbbZ)$-modular functions $j_n(au)$. This formula can be reformulated entirely number-theoretically. Namely, it is equivalent to the description of the generating function for the $j_n(z)$ as a weight 2 modular form in $au$ with a pole at $z$. Although these results rely on the fact that $X_0(1)$ has genus 0, here we obtain a generalization, framed in terms of polar harmonic Maass forms, for all of the $X_0(N)$ modular curves. In this survey we discuss this generalization, and we offer an introduction to the theory of polar harmonic Maass forms. We conclude with applications to formulas of Ramanujan and Green's functions.

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Cited in

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