Generalized moonshine. I: Genus-zero functions

DOI10.2140/ANT.2010.4.649MaRDI QIDQ600783zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Scott Carnahan

Publication date 2 November 2010

Published in Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0812.3440

zbMATH Keywords

generalized moonshineHecke operatormoonshinereplicable functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relationship to Lie algebras and finite simple groups (11F22) Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (one variable) (11F25)

Abstract: We introduce a notion of Hecke-monicity for functions on certain moduli spaces associated to torsors of finite groups over elliptic curves, and show that it implies strong invariance properties under linear fractional transformations. Specifically, if a weakly Hecke-monic function has algebraic integer coefficients and a pole at infinity, then it is either a holomorphic genus-zero function invariant under a congruence group or of a certain degenerate type. As a special case, we prove the same conclusion for replicable functions of finite order, which were introduced by Conway and Norton in the context of monstrous moonshine. As an application, we introduce a class of Lie algebras with group actions, and show that the characters derived from them are weakly Hecke-monic. When the Lie algebras come from chiral conformal field theory in a certain sense, then the characters form holomorphic genus-zero functions invariant under a congruence group.

Review text

The main result of this paper gives a uniform way of generating holomorphic congruence genus zero functions for actions of finite groups on certain Lie algebras. This provides a better conceptual elucidation of the proof of the Moonshine conjecture, and progress towards a proof of some of its generalizations. After the proof by \textit{R. E. Borcherds} [Invent. Math. 109, No. 2, 405--444 (1992; Zbl 0799.17014)], several authors gave a non-computational version of the final steps. Very briefly, this originated from the fact in loc.\ cit.\ that the functions \(T_g\) are completely replicable, hence by \textit{D.\ Kozlov} [Master's thesis Lund University (1994)], they satisfy many modular equations, which by \textit{C. J. Cummins} and \textit{T. Gannon} [Invent. Math. 129, No. 3, 413--443 (1997; Zbl 0985.11017)] imply that they are either holomorphic genus-zero and invariant under some \(\Gamma_0(N)\) or of a particular degenerate type. The paper first starts by defining the notion of weak Hecke-monicity for functions on certain moduli spaces associated to torsors of finite groups over elliptic curves. This notion is intended to generalize and correspond to the notion of a replicable function, except that it is defined in a conceptual way involving moduli of torsors of finite groups over elliptic curves, and is now valid for general finite groups \(G\). It is shown that weakly Hecke-monic functions satisfy many modular equations, and by a generalization of the work of Cummins and Gannon cited above, this implies under additional conditions that they are holomorphic congruence genus zero functions, or of trigonometric type. Finally, a certain class of Lie algebras with group actions is introduced, and it is shown that the characters derived from them are weakly Hecke-monic, and hence holomorphic congruence genus zero.

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Cited in

(30)

• Modular equations and the genus zero property of moonshine functions
• On divisors of modular forms
• A composite order generalization of modular moonshine
• On Mathieu moonshine and Gromov-Witten invariants
• A de Rham model for complex analytic equivariant elliptic cohomology
• Completely replicable functions and symmetries
• Moonshine for all finite groups
• Generalized moonshine. II: Borcherds products
• Generalised umbral moonshine
• BPS algebras in 2D string theory
• Moonshine
• The moonshine module for Conway's group
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4132262 (Why is no real title available?)
• Generalized Kac-Moody algebras, automorphic forms and Conway's group II
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4045839 (Why is no real title available?)
• Generalized Mathieu Moonshine
• Weakly holomorphic modular forms for some moonshine groups
• Fricke Lie algebras and the genus zero property in Moonshine
• BPS algebras, genus zero and the heterotic monster
• Number theoretic generalization of the monster denominator formula
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 841168 (Why is no real title available?)
• Monstrous moonshine of higher weight
• Topological modularity of Monstrous Moonshine
• Modular products and modules for finite groups
• Monstrous moonshine for integral group rings
• Generalisation of the Asai-Kaneko-Ninomiya identity to higher level
• Mock modularity of twisted index in CHL models
• Looking for a refined monster
• (2+)-replication and the baby monster
• A short introduction to the algebra, geometry, number theory and physics of moonshine

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