The world of long-range interactions: a bird's eye view

DOI10.1142/9789813144873_0018MaRDI QIDQ4603256zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shamik Gupta, S. Ruffo

Publication date 19 February 2018

Published in Memorial Volume on Abdus Salam's 90th Birthday (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.09689

zbMATH Keywords

non-additivitylong-range interactionsensemble inequivalencequasi-stationary statesslow relaxation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical thermodynamics (82B30) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Irreversible thermodynamics, including Onsager-Machlup theory (82C35)

Abstract: In recent years, studies of long-range interacting (LRI) systems have taken centre stage in the arena of statistical mechanics and dynamical system studies, due to new theoretical developments involving tools from as diverse a field as kinetic theory, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and large deviation theory, but also due to new and exciting experimental realizations of LRI systems. In this invited contribution, we discuss the general features of long-range interactions, emphasizing in particular the main physical phenomenon of non-additivity, which leads to a plethora of distinct effects, both thermodynamic and dynamic, that are not observed with short-range interactions: Ensemble inequivalence, slow relaxation, broken ergodicity. We also discuss several physical systems with long-range interactions: mean-field spin systems, self-gravitating systems, Euler equations in two dimensions, Coulomb systems, one-component electron plasma, dipolar systems, free-electron lasers, atoms trapped in optical cavities.

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