scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2164042

Let \(X\) be a smooth three-dimensional affine algebraic variety with a free algebraic \({\mathbb C}^+\)-action. \textit{S. Kaliman} [Invent. Math. 156, 163--173 (2004; Zbl 1058.14076)] proved that if \(X\) is contractible and the algebraic quotient \(S=X/\!/{\mathbb C}^+\) is smooth, then the \({\mathbb C}^+\)-action on \(X\) is a translation, namely, \(X\) is isomorphic to \(S\times {\mathbb C}\) on which \({\mathbb C}^+\) acts as a translation on the second factor. In particular, every free algebraic \({\mathbb C}^+\)-action on \({\mathbb C}^3\) is a translation in a suitable coordinate system. Later, \textit{S. Kaliman} and \textit{N. Saveliev} [Michigan Math. J. 52, 619--625 (2004; Zbl 1067.14067)] showed that for a smooth contractible affine threefold \(Y\) with a non-trivial \({\mathbb C}^+\)-action, \(Y/\!/{\mathbb C}^+\) is a smooth contractible affine surface. Hence, by this together with Kaliman's result, it follows that every free \({\mathbb C}^+\)-action on a smooth contractible affine threefold is a translation. In this paper, it is shown that if \(X\) is factorial, \(H_2(X)=H_3(X)=0\), and \(X/\!/{\mathbb C}^+\) is smooth, then the action is a translation. The author gives a (short) proof of it by observing the smoothness of the quotient morphism \(\pi : X \to X/\!/{\mathbb C}^+\) and using the topological arguments due to Kaliman. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1058.14001].

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