Applications of field-theoretic renormalization group methods to reaction–diffusion problems

DOI10.1088/0305-4470/38/17/R01zbMATH Open1078.81061arXivcond-mat/0501678MaRDI QIDQ4678043FDOQ4678043

Benjamin P. Vollmayr-Lee, Martin J. Howard, Uwe C. Täuber

Publication date: 23 May 2005

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We review the application of field-theoretic renormalization group (RG) methods to the study of fluctuations in reaction-diffusion problems. We first investigate the physical origin of universality in these systems, before comparing RG methods to other available analytic techniques, including exact solutions and Smoluchowski-type approximations. Starting from the microscopic reaction-diffusion master equation, we then pedagogically detail the mapping to a field theory for the single-species reaction k A -> l A (l < k). We employ this particularly simple but non-trivial system to introduce the field-theoretic RG tools, including the diagrammatic perturbation expansion, renormalization, and Callan-Symanzik RG flow equation. We demonstrate how these techniques permit the calculation of universal quantities such as density decay exponents and amplitudes via perturbative eps = d_c - d expansions with respect to the upper critical dimension d_c. With these basics established, we then provide an overview of more sophisticated applications to multiple species reactions, disorder effects, L'evy flights, persistence problems, and the influence of spatial boundaries. We also analyze field-theoretic approaches to nonequilibrium phase transitions separating active from absorbing states. We focus particularly on the generic directed percolation universality class, as well as on the most prominent exception to this class: even-offspring branching and annihilating random walks. Finally, we summarize the state of the field and present our perspective on outstanding problems for the future.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0501678

zbMATH Keywords

reaction-diffusion systemsrenormalization group methodnonequilibrium phase transitions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to quantum theory (81-02) Renormalization group methods applied to problems in quantum field theory (81T17) Dynamic and nonequilibrium phase transitions (general) in statistical mechanics (82C26) Stochastic methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) applied to problems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C31) Dynamic renormalization group methods applied to problems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C28)

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