Multiplicities and log canonical threshold

DOI10.1090/S1056-3911-04-00346-7MaRDI QIDQ4831702zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Tommaso de Fernex, Lawrence Ein, Mircea Mustaţă

Publication date 3 January 2005

Published in Journal of Algebraic Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0205171

Multiplicity theory and related topics (13H15) Local deformation theory, Artin approximation, etc. (14B12) Varieties defined by ring conditions (factorial, Cohen-Macaulay, seminormal) (14M05)

Abstract: If R is a local ring of dimension n, of a smooth complex variety, and if I is a zero dimensional ideal in R, then we prove that e(I)geq n^n/lc(I)^n. Here e(I) is the Samuel multiplicity along I, and lc(I) is the log canonical threshold of (R,I). We show that equality is achieved if and only if the integral closure of I is a power of the maximal ideal. When I is an arbitrary ideal, but n=2, we give a similar bound involving the Segre numbers of I.

Review text

Let \(X\) be a smooth algebraic variety, \(Y\subset X\) a closed subscheme, and \(Z\) an irreducible component of \(Y\) of codimension \(n\). To the ideal \(I\subset {\mathcal O}_{X,Z}\) defining \(Y\) one can naturally associate two invariants. The first one is the classical Samuel multiplicity \(e(I)\) of \({\mathcal O}_{X,Z}\) along \(I\). The second one is the log canonical threshold \(\text{lc}(I)\), given as the maximum of the log canonical thresholds \(\text{lc}(U,U\cap Y)\) of pairs \((U,U\cap Y)\) with \(U\subset X\) open and \(U\cap Z\neq \emptyset\) [cf. \textit{J. Kollár}, in: Algebraic geometry, Proc. Summer Res. Inst., Santa Cruz 1995, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 62, 221--287 (1997; Zbl 0905.14002)]. In the paper under review, the authors relate both invariants and obtain the following estimate. Theorem 1. \(e(I)\geq\frac{n^n}{\text{lc}(I)^n}\), and equality holds exactly if the integral closure of \(I\) is a power of the maximal ideal in \({\mathcal O}_{X,Z}\). In the case \(n=2\), a stronger result holds without the assuming that \(Z\) is a component of \(Y\). Theorem 2. Let \(Z\subset X\) be a closed and irreducible of codimsion 2, contained in \(\text{supp}(Y)\). If \(e_1(I)\) and \(e_2(I)\) are the Segre numbers of \({\mathcal O}_{X,Z}\) along \(I\), then \(\frac{4}{\text{lc}(I)}e_1(I)+e_2(I)\geq\frac{4}{\text{lc}(I)^2}\).

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