Categorification of quantum generalized Kac-Moody algebras and crystal bases

Abstract: We construct and investigate the structure of the Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras

R

and their cyclotomic quotients

R^{l} a m b d a

which give a categrification of quantum generalized Kac-Moody algebras. Let

U_{A} (g)

be the integral form of the quantum generalized Kac-Moody algebra associated with a Borcherds-Cartan matrix

A = (a_{i j})_{i, j i n I}

and let

K_{0} (R)

be the Grothedieck group of finitely generated projective graded

R

-modules. We prove that there exists an injective algebra homomorphism

P h i : U_{A}^{-} (g) o K_{0} (R)

and that

P h i

is an isomorphism if

a_{i i} e 0

for all

i i n I

. Let

B (i n f t y)

and

B (l a m b d a)

be the crystals of

U_{q}^{-} (g)

and

V (l a m b d a)

, respectively, where

V (l a m b d a)

is the irreducible highest weight

U_{q} (g)

-module. We denote by

m a t h f r a k B (i n f t y)

and

m a t h f r a k B (l a m b d a)

the isomorphism classes of irreducible graded modules over

R

and

R^{l} a m b d a

, respectively. If

a_{i i} e 0

for all

i i n I

, we define the

U_{q} (g)

-crystal structures on

m a t h f r a k B (i n f t y)

and

m a t h f r a k B (l a m b d a)

, and show that there exist crystal isomorphisms

m a t h f r a k B (i n f t y) s i m e q B (i n f t y)

and

m a t h f r a k B (l a m b d a) s i m e q B (l a m b d a)

. One of the key ingredients of our approach is the perfect basis theory for generalized Kac-Moody algebras.

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