The gardner method for symmetries

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/46/15/155202MaRDI QIDQ4921793zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alexander G. Rasin, Jeremy Schiff

Publication date 13 May 2013

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1102.2591

zbMATH Keywords

conservation lawGardner methodsymmetry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetries, invariants of ordinary differential equations (34C14) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10)

Abstract: The Gardner method, traditionally used to generate conservation laws of integrable equations, is generalized to generate symmetries. The method is demonstrated for the KdV, Camassa-Holm and Sine-Gordon equations. The method involves identifying a symmetry which depends upon a parameter; expansion of this symmetry in a (formal) power series in the parameter then gives the usual infinite hierarchy of symmetries. We show that the obtained symmetries commute, discuss the relation of the Gardner method with Lenard recursion (both for generating symmetries and conservation laws), and also the connection between the symmetries of continuous integrable equations and their discrete analogs.

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Cited in

(19)

• A derivation of Gardner's equation
• Unfamiliar aspects of Bäcklund transformations and an associated Degasperis-Procesi equation
• On symmetries and conservation laws of a Gardner equation involving arbitrary functions
• Novikov equation: Bäcklund transformation and applications
• Four symmetries of the KdV equation
• Bäcklund transformations for the Degasperis-Procesi equation
• Computation of generating symmetries
• Infinitely many symmetries and conservation laws for quad-graph equations via the Gardner method
• Infinitely many conservation laws for the discrete KdV equation
• A simple-looking relative of the Novikov, Hirota-Satsuma and Sawada-Kotera equations
• Nonlocal symmetries and conservation laws of the sinh-Gordon equation
• Bäcklund transformations for the Camassa-Holm equation
• Bäcklund transformations for the Boussinesq equation and merging solitons
• The modified Camassa–Holm equation: Bäcklund transformation and nonlinear superposition formula
• Bäcklund transformation and nonlinear superposition formula for the two-component short pulse equation
• On the Bäcklund transformation of a generalized Harry Dym type equation
• Symmetry structure of integrable hyperbolic third order equations
• Bäcklund transformations of multi-component Boussinesq and Degasperis-Procesi equations
• Darboux and Bäcklund transformations for the Camassa-Holm equation

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