Existence and uniqueness of maximal regular flows for non-smooth vector fields

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Abstract: In this paper we provide a complete analogy between the Cauchy-Lipschitz and the DiPerna-Lions theories for ODE's, by developing a local version of the DiPerna-Lions theory. More precisely, we prove existence and uniqueness of a maximal regular flow for the DiPerna-Lions theory using only local regularity and summability assumptions on the vector field, in analogy with the classical theory, which uses only local regularity assumptions. We also study the behaviour of the ODE trajectories before the maximal existence time. Unlike the Cauchy-Lipschitz theory, this behaviour crucially depends on the nature of the bounds imposed on the spatial divergence of the vector field. In particular, a global assumption on the divergence is needed to obtain a proper blow-up of the trajectories.


Let \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^d\) be an open subset. For \(T \in (0,\infty)\) and a given Borel vector field \(b: (0,T) \times \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^d\) the authors study the following ODE \[ \begin{cases} \dot{x}(t)= b(t,x(t)), \quad t \in (0,T) \\ x(0)=x. \end{cases} \] The main assumptions in the paper are the following conditions (a) \(\int_0^T \int_{\Omega'} |b(x,t)|dx dt < \infty\) for any \(\Omega' \Subset \Omega\); (b) for any nonegative \(\tilde{\rho} \in L_{+}^{\infty}(\Omega)\) with compact support in \(\Omega\) and any closed interval \([a,b]\subset [0,T]\), the continuity equation \[ \frac{d}{dt} \rho_t + \text{div} (b \rho_t)=0, \quad \text{in} \quad (a,b) \times \Omega \] has at most one weakly-\(*\) continuous solution \(t\mapsto \rho_t\) with \(\rho_a = \tilde{\rho}\). Let us stress that condition (b) holds for example for Sobolev vector fields, \(BV\) vector fields whose divergence is a locally integrable function. The authors prove existence, uniqueness and stability of the maximal regular flow \(X(t,x)\). Moreover, they discuss the semigroup property and blow-up of solutions.



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