Nonequilibrium steady state of a weakly-driven Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation

DOI10.1088/1742-5468/AABBCCMaRDI QIDQ4964586zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Baruch Meerson, Arkady Vilenkin, Pavel V. Sasorov

Publication date 2 March 2021

Published in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.10186

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stochastic partial differential equations (aspects of stochastic analysis) (60H15) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Interface problems; diffusion-limited aggregation in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C24)

Abstract: We consider an infinite interface in $d>2$ dimensions, governed by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation with a weak Gaussian noise which is delta-correlated in time and has short-range spatial correlations. We study the probability distribution of the interface height $H$ at a point of the substrate, when the interface is initially flat. We show that, in a stark contrast with the KPZ equation in $d<2$, this distribution approaches a non-equilibrium steady state. The time of relaxation toward this state scales as the diffusion time over the correlation length of the noise. We study the steady-state distribution $mathcalP(H)$ using the optimal-fluctuation method. The typical, small fluctuations of height are Gaussian. For these fluctuations the activation path of the system coincides with the time-reversed relaxation path, and the variance of $mathcalP(H)$ can be found from a minimization of the (nonlocal) equilibrium free energy of the interface. In contrast, the tails of $mathcalP(H)$ are nonequilibrium, non-Gaussian and strongly asymmetric. To determine them we calculate, analytically and numerically, the activation paths of the system, which are different from the time-reversed relaxation paths. We show that the slower-decaying tail of $mathcalP(H)$ scales as $-lnmathcalP(H)propto|H|$, while the faster-decaying tail scales as $-lnmathcalP(H)propto|H{|}^3$. The slower-decaying tail has important implications for the statistics of directed polymers in random potential.

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Cited in

(16)

• Field-theoretic thermodynamic uncertainty relation. General formulation exemplified with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation
• Non-self-averaging of the concentration: trapping by sinks in the fluctuation regime
• Fluctuations of the solutions to the KPZ equation in dimensions three and higher
• Numerical study of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation for the KPZ-equation
• Closed hierarchies and non-equilibrium steady states of driven systems
• Height distribution tails in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation with Brownian initial conditions
• Quantum mechanical tunnel nucleation of kink-solitons in a random potential
• Finite-size effects in the short-time height distribution of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation
• Non-equilibrium steady states and transport in the classical lattice \(\phi^ 4\) theory.
• Integrability in the weak noise theory
• Fluctuations of Mean-Square Displacement in Presence of Traps: Non-Self-Averaging versus Ensemble Averaging
• Soliton solution, breather solution and rational wave solution for the coupled macroscopic fluctuation theory equation in the optimal path of the process
• Short-time large deviations of the spatially averaged height of a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang interface on a ring
• High moments of the SHE in the clustering regimes
• Time-averaged height distribution of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang interface
• The two scaling regimes of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation for the KPZ-equation

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