Symmetry of Narayana Numbers and Rowvacuation of Root Posets

DOI10.1017/FMS.2021.47zbMATH Open1471.05119arXiv2101.02329OpenAlexW3184201674MaRDI QIDQ5011682FDOQ5011682

Authors: Colin Defant, Sam Hopkins 

Publication date: 27 August 2021

Published in: Forum of Mathematics, Sigma (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For a Weyl group $W$ of rank $r$, the $W$-Catalan number is the number of antichains of the poset of positive roots, and the $W$-Narayana numbers refine the $W$-Catalan number by keeping track of the cardinalities of these antichains. The $W$-Narayana numbers are symmetric, i.e., the number of antichains of cardinality $k$ is the same as the number of cardinality $r-k$. However, this symmetry is far from obvious. Panyushev posed the problem of defining an involution on root poset antichains that exhibits the symmetry of the $W$-Narayana numbers. Rowmotion and rowvacuation are two related operators, defined as compositions of "toggles," that give a dihedral action on the set of antichains of any ranked poset. Rowmotion acting on root posets has been the subject of a significant amount of research in the recent past. We prove that for the root posets of classical types, rowvacuation is Panyushev's desired involution.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.02329

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zbMATH Keywords

Narayana numberCoxeter numberCoxeter-Catalan combinatorics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics (05A19) Reflection and Coxeter groups (group-theoretic aspects) (20F55) Group actions on combinatorial structures (05E18) Root systems (17B22)

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Cited In (3)

• The birational Lalanne-Kreweras involution
• Rowmotion on 321-avoiding permutations
• The pop-stack-sorting operator on Tamari lattices

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