Symmetry of Narayana Numbers and Rowvacuation of Root Posets

DOI10.1017/FMS.2021.47MaRDI QIDQ5011682zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Colin Defant, Sam Hopkins

Publication date 27 August 2021

Published in Forum of Mathematics, Sigma (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.02329

zbMATH Keywords

Narayana numberCoxeter numberCoxeter-Catalan combinatorics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics (05A19) Reflection and Coxeter groups (group-theoretic aspects) (20F55) Group actions on combinatorial structures (05E18) Root systems (17B22)

Abstract: For a Weyl group $W$ of rank $r$, the $W$-Catalan number is the number of antichains of the poset of positive roots, and the $W$-Narayana numbers refine the $W$-Catalan number by keeping track of the cardinalities of these antichains. The $W$-Narayana numbers are symmetric, i.e., the number of antichains of cardinality $k$ is the same as the number of cardinality $r-k$. However, this symmetry is far from obvious. Panyushev posed the problem of defining an involution on root poset antichains that exhibits the symmetry of the $W$-Narayana numbers. Rowmotion and rowvacuation are two related operators, defined as compositions of "toggles," that give a dihedral action on the set of antichains of any ranked poset. Rowmotion acting on root posets has been the subject of a significant amount of research in the recent past. We prove that for the root posets of classical types, rowvacuation is Panyushev's desired involution.

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Cited in

(3)

• The birational Lalanne-Kreweras involution
• Rowmotion on 321-avoiding permutations
• The pop-stack-sorting operator on Tamari lattices

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