Pseudo links in handlebodies

zbMATH Open1484.57004arXiv2106.03488MaRDI QIDQ5028449FDOQ5028449

Authors: Ioannis Diamantis 

Publication date: 9 February 2022

Abstract: In this paper we introduce and study the theory of pseudo links in the genus $g$ handlebody, $H_g$. Pseudo links are links with some missing crossing information that naturally generalize the notion of knot diagrams. The motivation for studying these relatively new knotted objects lies in the fact that pseudo links may be used to model DNA knots, since it is not uncommon for biologists to obtain DNA knots for which it is not possible to tell a positive from a negative crossing. We consider pseudo links in $H_g$ as mixed pseudo links in $S^3$ and we generalize the Kauffman bracket polynomial for the category of pseudo links in $H_g$. We then pass on the category of mixed pseudo braids, that is, pseudo braids whose closures are pseudo links in $H_g$, and we formulate the analogue of the Alexander theorem. It is worth mentioning that the theory of pseudo links is close related to the theory of singular links and that all results in this paper may be used for studying singular links in $H_g$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03488

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zbMATH Keywords

handlebodyJones polynomialpseudo knotsmixed pseudo braid monoidsmixed pseudo braidsmixed pseudo linkspseudo bracket polynomialpseudo braid monoid of type Bpseudo links

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Braid groups; Artin groups (20F36) Hecke algebras and their representations (20C08) Other groups related to topology or analysis (20F38) Knot polynomials (57K14) Knot theory (57K10) Invariants of 3-manifolds (including skein modules, character varieties) (57K31) Generalized knots (virtual knots, welded knots, quandles, etc.) (57K12) Higher-dimensional knots and links (57K45) Low-dimensional topology in specific dimensions (57K99) Other geometric structures on 3-manifolds (57K35)

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Cited In (8)

• Tied pseudo links \& pseudo knotoids
• The Kauffman bracket skein module of the complement of \((2, 2p + 1)\)-torus knots via braids
• Criteria of prime links in terms of pseudo-characters
• Pseudo links and singular links in the solid torus
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• The Kauffman bracket skein module of the lens spaces via unoriented braids
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• Linking numbers for handlebody-links

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