HOMFLYPT skein sub-modules of the Lens spaces L(p,1)

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107500MaRDI QIDQ820635zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ioannis Diamantis

Publication date 27 September 2021

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.00737

zbMATH Keywords

HOMFLYPT invariantknot invariantsknot theoryskein algebrasskein modules

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hecke algebras and their representations (20C08) Braid groups; Artin groups (20F36) Other groups related to topology or analysis (20F38) Invariants of 3-manifolds (including skein modules, character varieties) (57K31)

Abstract: In this paper we work toward the HOMFLYPT skein module of $L(p,1)$, $mathcalS(L(p,1))$, via braids. Our starting point is the linear Turaev-basis, $Lambd{a}^{prime}$, of the HOMFLYPT skein module of the solid torus ST, $mathcalS(mST)$, which can be decomposed as the tensor product of the "positive" ${Lambd{a}^{prime}}^{+}$ and the "negative" ${Lambd{a}^{prime}}^{-}$ sub-modules, and the Lambropoulou invariant, $X$, for knots and links in ST, that captures $S(mST)$. It is a well-known result by now that $mathcalS(L(p,1))=fracmathcalS(ST)<bb{m}^{\prime }s>$, where bbm's (braid band moves) denotes the isotopy moves that correspond to the surgery description of $L(p,1)$. Namely, a HOMFLYPT-type invariant for knots and links in ST can be extended to an invariant for knots and links in $L(p,1)$ by imposing relations coming from the performance of bbm's and solving the infinite system of equations obtained that way. smallbreak In this paper we work with a new basis of $mathcalS(mST)$, $Lambda$, and we relate the infinite system of equations obtained by performing bbm's on elements in $Lambd{a}^{+}$ to the infinite system of equations obtained by performing bbm's on elements in $Lambd{a}^{-}$ via a map $I$. More precisely we prove that the solutions of one system can be derived from the solutions of the other. Our aim is to reduce the complexity of the infinite system one needs to solve in order to compute $mathcalS(L(p,1))$ using the braid technique. Finally, we present a generating set and a potential basis for $fracLambd{a}^{+}<bb{m}^{\prime }s>$ and thus, we obtain a generating set and a potential basis for $fracLambd{a}^{-}<bb{m}^{\prime }s>$. We also discuss further steps needed in order to compute $mathcalS(L(p,1))$ via braids.

Review text

Skein modules were introduced by Przytycki and later independently by Turaev for knots and links in general 3-manifolds. They are generated by all linear combinations of knots/links up to isotopy mod skein relations (e.g. Alexander, Jones, Kauffman bracket, HOMFLYPT). For 3-manifolds that are products of a 2D surface by an interval, the skein modules can be equipped with an algebra structure by placing one over the other. Explicit calculation of the algebras for particular surfaces is in general rather difficult. The paper concerns calculation of the skein algebra in the case of a lens space (times interval) \(L(p,1)\), or rather certain simplifications of earlier results concerning this case. Two elements are crucial for this calculation. One is connecting the skein algebra of the lens space to the skein algebra of the solid torus. The second one is the Alexander theorem that says knots/links are obtained by closing braids. In earlier work, mainly by Lambropolou, the structure of the skein algebra for the solid torus and the lens space is described, though the explicit description of the algebra requires solving an infinite set of equations. The paper concerns a significant simplification of this set of equations and thus the skein algebra via a clever choice of the basis in the skein algebra of the solid torus.

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Cited in

(19)

• The braid approach to the HOMFLYPT skein module of the lens spaces \(L(p,1)\)
• Skein theory and Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants of links in lens spaces
• Tabulation of prime knots in lens spaces
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• THE (2, ∞)-SKEIN MODULE OF LENS SPACES: A GENERALIZATION OF THE JONES POLYNOMIAL
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• A survey on skein modules via braids
• On the HOMFLYPT skein module of S^1 S^2 via braids

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