Algebraic Markov equivalence for links in three-manifolds

DOI10.1112/S0010437X06002144zbMATH Open1156.57007arXivmath/0405493MaRDI QIDQ5483975FDOQ5483975

Authors: Sofia Lambropoulou, Colin Rourke 

Publication date: 24 August 2006

Published in: Compositio Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $B_n$ denote the classical braid group on $n$ strands and let the {em mixed braid group} $B_{m,n}$ be the subgroup of $B_{m+n}$ comprising braids for which the first $m$ strands form the identity braid. Let $B_{m,infty}=cu{p}_n{B}_{m,n}$. We will describe explicit algebraic moves on $B_{m,infty}$ such that equivalence classes under these moves classify oriented links up to isotopy in a link complement or in a closed, connected, oriented 3--manifold. The moves depend on a fixed link representing the manifold in $S^3$. More precisely, for link complements the moves are: the two familiar moves of the classical Markov equivalence together with {em `twisted' conjugation} by certain loops $a_i$. This means premultiplication by ${a_i}^{-1}$ and postmultiplication by a `combed' version of $a_i$. For closed 3--manifolds there is an additional set of {it `combed' band moves} which correspond to sliding moves over the surgery link. The main tool in the proofs is the one-move Markov Theorem using {it $L$--moves} cite{LR} (adding in-box crossings). The resulting algebraic classification is a direct extension of the classical Markov Theorem that classifies links in $S^3$ up to isotopy, and potentially leads to powerful new link invariants, which have been explored in special cases by the first author. It also provides a controlled range of isotopy moves, useful for studying skein modules of 3--manifolds.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0405493

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zbMATH Keywords

knot complementsmixed braidsmixed linksthree-manifoldsMarkov equivalencetwisted conjugationbraid equivalencecombed band move

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cited In (26)

• HOMFLYPT skein sub-modules of the Lens spaces \(L(p,1)\)
• The Kauffman bracket skein module of the complement of \((2, 2p + 1)\)-torus knots via braids
• MARKOV THEOREM FOR TRANSVERSAL LINKS
• A Markov theorem for generalized plat decomposition
• Tied links in various topological settings
• The Kauffman bracket skein module of the lens spaces via unoriented braids
• An important step for the computation of the HOMFLYPT skein module of the Lens spaces \(L(p, 1)\) via braids
• Braid equivalences in 3-manifolds with rational surgery description
• On the KBSM of links in lens spaces
• A spanning set and potential basis of the mixed Hecke algebra on two fixed strands
• L-MOVES AND MARKOV THEOREMS
• Markov classes in certain finite quotients of Artin's braid group
• VIRTUAL BRAIDS AND THE L-MOVE
• Equivalence of two diagram representations of links in lens spaces and essential invariants
• The Alexander polynomial of links in Lens spaces
• The Alexander and Markov Theorems Via Diagrams for Links in 3-Manifolds
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• The Alexander polynomial for closed braids in lens spaces
• The Kauffman bracket skein module of the handlebody of genus 2 via braids
• Closed braids in 3-manifolds

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