Proper time reparametrization in cosmology: Möbius symmetry and Kodama charges
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Publication:5064650
Markov processes: estimation; hidden Markov models (62M05) Methods of global Riemannian geometry, including PDE methods; curvature restrictions (53C21) Symmetries and conservation laws, reverse symmetries, invariant manifolds and their bifurcations, reduction for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H33) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) Classes of solutions; algebraically special solutions, metrics with symmetries for problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C20) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Spherical and hyperbolic convexity (52A55) Möbius geometries (51B10)
Abstract: It has been noticed that for a large class of cosmological models, the gauge fixing of the time-reparametrization invariance does not completely fix the clock. Instead, the system enjoys a surprising residual Noether symmetry under a M"{o}bius reparametrization of the proper time, which maps gauge-inequivalent solutions to the Friedman equations onto each other. In this work, we provide a unified treatment of this hidden conformal symmetry and its realization in the homogeneous and isotropic sector of the Einstein-Scalar- system. We consider the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model, the (A)dS cosmology and provide a first treatment of the model with spatial constant curvature. We derive the general condition relating the choice of proper time and the conformal weight of the scale factor, and give a detailed analysis of the conserved Noether charges generating this physical symmetry. Our approach allows us to identify new realizations of this symmetry while recovering previous results in a unified manner. We also present the general mapping onto the conformal particle and discuss the solution-generating nature of the transformations beyond the M"{o}bius symmetry. Finally, we show that, at least in a restricted context, this hidden conformal symmetry is intimately related to the Kodama charges of spherically symmetric gravity. This new connection suggests that the M"{o}bius invariance of cosmology is only the corner of a larger symmetry structure which could be relevant beyond cosmological models.
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