Confinement-deconfinement transition and Z₂ symmetry in Z₂ + Higgs theory

DOI10.1142/S0217732321502187zbMATH Open1489.81033arXiv2102.11091OpenAlexW3201937973MaRDI QIDQ5067320FDOQ5067320

Authors: Minati Biswal, Vinod Mamale, Sabiar Shaikh, Sanatan Digal 

Publication date: 1 April 2022

Published in: Modern Physics Letters A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the Polyakov loop and the $Z_2$ symmetry in the lattice $Z_2+$Higgs theory in 4D Euclidean space using Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that this symmetry is realised in the Higgs symmetric phase for large number of temporal lattice sites. To understand the dependence on the number of temporal sites, we consider a one dimensional model by keeping terms of the original action corresponding to a single spatial site. In this approximation the partition function can be calculated exactly as a function of the Polyakov loop. The resulting free energy is found to have the $Z_2$ symmetry in the limit of large temporal sites. We argue that this is due to $Z_2$ invariance as well as dominance of the distribution or density of states corresponding to the action.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.11091

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zbMATH Keywords

phase transitionconfinementMonte Carlo simulationsdensity of statesPolyakov loop

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Monte Carlo methods (65C05) Semigroups of transformations, relations, partitions, etc. (20M20) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Unified quantum theories (81V22) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Monte Carlo methods applied to problems in statistical mechanics (82M31)

Cites Work

• Monte Carlo sampling methods using Markov chains and their applications

Cited In (4)

• Confinement-Higgs phase crossover as a lattice artifact in \(1 + 1\) dimensions
• Confinement transition of $\mathbb{Z_2}$ gauge theories coupled to massless fermions: emergent quantum chromodynamics and $\mathrm{SO}(5)$ symmetry
• Dynamical restoration of \(Z_{N}\) symmetry in \(\operatorname{SU}(N)\) + Higgs theories
• \(\mathbf Z\)-symmetry and Polyakov loops in hot abelian gauge theories

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