Highly incidental patterns on a quadratic hypersurface in R^4

Abstract: In [Sharir and Solomon 2015], Sharir and Solomon showed that the number of incidences between

m

distinct points and

n

distinct lines in

m a t h b b R^{4}

is

O^*left(m^{2/5}n^{4/5}+ m^{1/2}n^{1/2}q^{1/4} + m^{2/3}n^{1/3}s^{1/3} + m + n ight),

provided that no 2-flat contains more than

s

lines, and no hyperplane or quadric contains more than

q

lines, where the

O^{*}

hides a multiplicative factor of

2^{c s q r t l o g m}

for some absolute constant

c

. In this paper we prove that, for integers

m, n,

satisfying

n^{9 / 8} < m < n^{3 / 2}

, there exist

m

points and

n

lines on the quadratic hypersurface in

m a t h b b R^{4}

{(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4)in mathbb R^4 mid x_1 = x_2^2 + x_3^2 - x_4^2},

such that (i) at most

s = O (1)

lines lie on any 2-flat, (ii) at most

q = O (n / m^{1 / 3})

lines lie on any hyperplane, and (iii) the number of incidences between the points and the lines is

T h e t a (m^{2 / 3} n^{1 / 2})

, which is asymptotically larger than the upper bound by Sharir and Solomon. This shows that the assumption that no quadric contains more than

q

lines (in the above mentioned theorem of Sharir and Solomon) is necessary in this regime of

m

and

n

. By a suitable projection from this quadratic hypersurface onto

m a t h b b R^{3}

, we obtain

m

points and

n

lines in

m a t h b b R^{3}

, with at most

s = O (1)

lines on a common plane, such that the number of incidences between the

m

points and the

n

lines is

T h e t a (m^{2 / 3} n^{1 / 2})

. It remains an interesting question to determine if this bound is also tight in general.

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