Analysis of single-particle nonlocality through the prism of weak measurements

DOI10.1142/S0219749919410247zbMATH Open1441.81023arXiv1810.05039MaRDI QIDQ5114371FDOQ5114371

Authors: Eliahu Cohen, Danko D. Georgiev 

Publication date: 22 June 2020

Published in: International Journal of Quantum Information (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Although regarded today as an important resource in quantum information, nonlocality has yielded over the years many conceptual conundrums. Among the latter are nonlocal aspects of single particles which have been of major interest. In this paper, the nonlocality of single quanta is studied in a square nested Mach-Zehnder interferometer with spatially separated detectors using a delayed choice modification of quantum measurement outcomes that depend on the complex-valued weak values. We show that if spacelike separated Bob and Alice are allowed to freely control their quantum devices, the geometry of the setup constrains the local hidden variables models. In particular, hidden signaling and a list of contextual instructions are required to split a quantum state characterized by a positive Wigner function into two quantum states with non-positive Wigner functions. This implies that local hidden variables models could rely neither on only two hidden variables for position and momentum, nor on simultaneous factorizability of both the hidden probability densities and weights of splitting to reproduce the correct quantum distributions. While our analysis does not fully exclude the existence of nonfactorizable local hidden variables models, it demonstrates that the recently proposed weak values of quantum histories necessitate contextual splitting of prior commitments to measurement outcomes, due to functional dependence on the total Feynman sum that yields the complex-valued quantum probability amplitude for the studied quantum transition. This analysis also highlights the quantum nature of weak measurements.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.05039

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zbMATH Keywords

nonlocalitycontextualityweak valuesweak measurements

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Vector-valued measures and integration (46G10) General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05) Contextuality in quantum theory (81P13) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Phase-space methods including Wigner distributions, etc. applied to problems in quantum mechanics (81S30) Quantum gates (81P65)

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Cited In (4)

• Analysing nonlocality robustness in multiqubit systems under noisy conditions and weak measurements
• Time-symmetry and topology of the Aharonov–Bohm effect
• Photon trajectories, anomalous velocities and weak measurements: a classical interpretation
• Experimental evidence for a dynamical non-locality induced effect in quantum interference using weak values

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