Key polynomials in dimension 2

Abstract: Let

R

be a two-dimensional regular local ring. In this paper, we prove that there is a bijection between the set of all valuations of

Q u o t (R)

centered at

R

and valuations of

k (x, y)

centered at

k [x, y]_{(x, y)}

, where

k

is the residue field of

R

and

x

and

y

are independent variables. Moreover, we give a new proof, for the fact that the set of all normalized real valuations centered at

R

admits a structure of non metric tree.

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