Symmetries of the Dirac quantum walk and emergence of the De Sitter group
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Publication:5141004
Random walks on graphs (05C81) Structure and representation of the Lorentz group (22E43) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Covariant wave equations in quantum theory, relativistic quantum mechanics (81R20) Model quantum field theories (81T10)
Abstract: A quantum walk describes the discrete unitary evolution of a quantum particle on a discrete graph. Some quantum walks, referred to as the Weyl and Dirac quantum walks, provide a description of the free evolution of relativistic quantum fields in a regime where the wave-vectors involved in the particle state are small. The clash between the intrinsic discreteness of quantum walks and the symmetries of special relativity can be resolved by rethinking the notion of a change of inertial reference frame. We give here a definition of the latter that avoids a pre-defined space-time geometry, in terms of a change of values of the constants of motion that leaves the walk operator unchanged. Starting from the family of 1+1 dimensional Dirac quantum walks with all possible values of the mass parameter, we introduce a unique walk encompassing the latter as an extra degree of freedom, and we derive its group of changes of inertial frames. This symmetry group contains a non linear realization of ; since one of the two space-like dimensions does not correspond to an actual spatial degree of freedom but rather the mass, we interpret it as a 2+1 dimensional de-Sitter group. This group group contains also a non-linear realisation of the proper orthochronous Poincar'e group in 1+1 dimension, as the ones considered within the framework of doubly special relativity, which recovers the usual relativistic symmetry of the Dirac Equation in the limit of small wave-vectors and masses. Surprisingly, if one considers the Dirac walk with a fixed value of the mass parameter, the group of allowed changes of reference frame does not have a consistent interpretation in the relativistic limit of small wave-vectors.
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Cited in
(8)- Quantum walks, Weyl equation and the Lorentz group
- Quantum walks, deformed relativity and Hopf algebra symmetries
- BOGOLIUBOV'S VISION: QUASIAVERAGES AND BROKEN SYMMETRY TO QUANTUM PROTECTORATE AND EMERGENCE
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