Matrix product unitaries: structure, symmetries, and topological invariants

DOI10.1088/1742-5468/AA7E55zbMATH Open1457.82023arXiv1703.09188OpenAlexW2604947823WikidataQ59458532 ScholiaQ59458532MaRDI QIDQ3303151FDOQ3303151

Authors: J. Ignacio Cirac, David Pérez-García, Norbert Schuch, Frank Verstraete 

Publication date: 11 August 2020

Published in: Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Matrix Product Vectors form the appropriate framework to study and classify one-dimensional quantum systems. In this work, we develop the structure theory of Matrix Product Unitary operators (MPUs) which appear e.g. in the description of time evolutions of one-dimensional systems. We prove that all MPUs have a strict causal cone, making them Quantum Cellular Automata (QCAs), and derive a canonical form for MPUs which relates different MPU representations of the same unitary through a local gauge. We use this canonical form to prove an Index Theorem for MPUs which gives the precise conditions under which two MPUs are adiabatically connected, providing an alternative derivation to that of [Commun. Math. Phys. 310, 419 (2012), arXiv:0910.3675] for QCAs. We also discuss the effect of symmetries on the MPU classification. In particular, we characterize the tensors corresponding to MPU that are invariant under conjugation, time reversal, or transposition. In the first case, we give a full characterization of all equivalence classes. Finally, we give several examples of MPU possessing different symmetries.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.09188

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)

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Cited In (15)

• A many-body index for quantum charge transport
• Fermionic quantum cellular automata and generalized matrix-product unitaries
• Refinement of quantum Markov states on trees
• An overview of quantum cellular automata
• Information flow in non-unitary quantum cellular automata
• Characterizing topological order with matrix product operators
• Integrable spin chains and the Clifford group
• Entropy of quantum Markov states on Cayley trees
• An index for quantum cellular automata on fusion spin chains
• Symmetries of the Dirac quantum walk and emergence of the de Sitter group
• Quantum Markov chains: A unification approach
• DHR bimodules of quasi-local algebras and symmetric quantum cellular automata
• A converse to Lieb-Robinson bounds in one dimension using index theory
• Mathematical open problems in projected entangled pair states
• Rational indices for quantum ground state sectors

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