Matrix product unitaries: structure, symmetries, and topological invariants
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Abstract: Matrix Product Vectors form the appropriate framework to study and classify one-dimensional quantum systems. In this work, we develop the structure theory of Matrix Product Unitary operators (MPUs) which appear e.g. in the description of time evolutions of one-dimensional systems. We prove that all MPUs have a strict causal cone, making them Quantum Cellular Automata (QCAs), and derive a canonical form for MPUs which relates different MPU representations of the same unitary through a local gauge. We use this canonical form to prove an Index Theorem for MPUs which gives the precise conditions under which two MPUs are adiabatically connected, providing an alternative derivation to that of [Commun. Math. Phys. 310, 419 (2012), arXiv:0910.3675] for QCAs. We also discuss the effect of symmetries on the MPU classification. In particular, we characterize the tensors corresponding to MPU that are invariant under conjugation, time reversal, or transposition. In the first case, we give a full characterization of all equivalence classes. Finally, we give several examples of MPU possessing different symmetries.
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Cited in
(22)- A converse to Lieb-Robinson bounds in one dimension using index theory
- A many-body index for quantum charge transport
- Characterizing topological order with matrix product operators
- Mathematical open problems in projected entangled pair states
- Entropy of quantum Markov states on Cayley trees
- Quantum Markov chains: a unification approach
- Symmetries of the Dirac quantum walk and emergence of the De Sitter group
- Rational indices for quantum ground state sectors
- Refinement of quantum Markov states on trees
- Fermionic quantum cellular automata and generalized matrix-product unitaries
- Integrable spin chains and the Clifford group
- An overview of quantum cellular automata
- Information flow in non-unitary quantum cellular automata
- An index for quantum cellular automata on fusion spin chains
- DHR bimodules of quasi-local algebras and symmetric quantum cellular automata
- Quantum cellular automata and categorical dualities of spin chains
- Classification of locality preserving symmetries on spin chains
- A simple and general equation for matrix product unitary generation
- Fractional domain wall statistics in spin chains with anomalous symmetries
- Fermionic cellular automata in one dimension
- Matrix-product operator dualities in integrable lattice models
- Matrix product operator algebras. I: Representations of weak Hopf algebras and projected entangled pair states
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