Discrete orbits, recurrence and solvable subgroups of Diff ( C^2, 0)

DOI10.1007/S12220-015-9671-XMaRDI QIDQ522463zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 13 April 2017

Published in The Journal of Geometric Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.0461

dynamics of pseudogroups holomorphic diffeomorphism recurrent point

Solvable groups, supersolvable groups (20F16) Iteration of holomorphic maps, fixed points of holomorphic maps and related problems for several complex variables (32H50) Dynamical aspects of holomorphic foliations and vector fields (37F75)

Abstract: We discuss the local dynamics of a subgroup of Diff(C^2,0) possessing locally discrete orbits as well as the structure of the recurrent set for more general groups. It is proved, in particular, that a subgroup of Diff(C^2,0) possessing locally discrete orbits must be virtually solvable. These results are of considerable interest in problems concerning integrable systems.

Review text

The authors discuss the local dynamics of subgroups of the group holomorphic diffeomorphisms fixing the origin, denoted by \(\text{Diff}(\mathbb{C}^2, 0)\), possessing locally discrete orbits as well as the structure of the recurrent sets for more general groups. A group is said to be virtually solvable if it contains a normal, solvable subgroup of finite index. Consider finitely many local holomorphic diffeomorphisms \(f_1, \ldots , f_k\) inducing elements of \(\text{Diff} (\mathbb{C}^2 , 0)\). Denote by \(G\) or simply \(G_U\) the pseudogroup generated by them on some chosen small neighborhood \(U\) of the origin in \(\mathbb{C}^2\). \(G\) is said to have locally discrete orbits (resp., finite orbits), if there is a sufficiently small neighborhood \(U\) of the origin where \(G_U\) has locally discrete orbits (resp., finite orbits). The first main result reads: Theorem A. Suppose that \(G\) is a finitely generated subgroup of \(\text{Diff}(\mathbb{C}^2 , 0)\) with locally discrete orbits. Then \(G\) is virtually solvable. A point \(p \in U\) is said to be recurrent if there exists a sequence \( \{g_n \} \) of elements in \(G_U\) such that \(g_n (p)\to p\) with \(g_n (p) \neq p\) for every \(n\). Consider the normal subgroup \(\text{Diff}_1 (\mathbb{C}^2 , 0)\) consisting of those local holomorphic diffeomorphisms tangent to the identity. When \(G\) happens to be a (pseudo-)subgroup of \(\text{Diff}_1(\mathbb{C}^2, 0)\), the following stronger result holds: Theorem B. Consider a non-solvable group \(G \subset \text{Diff}_1 (\mathbb{C}^2 , 0)\) and denote by \((G)\) the set of points that fail to be recurrent for \(G\). Then there is a neighborhood \(U\) of the origin in \( \mathbb{C}^2\) such that \((G) \cap U\) is contained in a countable union of proper analytic subsets of \(U\) (in particular, \( (G) \cap U\) has null Lebesgue measure). These results are of considerable interest in problems related to integrable systems, [\textit{J. J. Morales-Ruiz} et al., Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 40, No. 6, 845--884 (2007; Zbl 1144.37023)]. In this sense, Theorem A says that, the integrable character of a subgroup of \(\text{Diff}(\mathbb{C}^2 , 0)\) possessing locally finite orbits lies in the fact that this group must be virtually solvable. Relations with other interesting subjects are provided: Shcherbakov-Nakai theory, the analytic limit set problem, and Kleinian groups in an accurate sense. Several interesting examples are described.

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