Recurrence equations and their classical orthogonal polynomial solutions on a quadratic or a q-quadratic lattice

DOI10.1080/10236198.2019.1627346zbMATH Open1484.65333arXiv1901.03672OpenAlexW2963653832MaRDI QIDQ5239031FDOQ5239031

Authors: D. D. Tcheutia 

Publication date: 21 October 2019

Published in: Journal of Difference Equations and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Every classical orthogonal polynomial system $p_n(x)$ satisfies a three-term recurrence relation of the type [ p_{n+1}(x)=(A_nx+B_n)p_n(x)-C_np_{n-1}(x)~ (n=0,1,2,ldots, p_{-1}equiv 0), ] with $C_n{A}_n{A}_{n-1}>0$. Moreover, Favard's theorem states that the converse is true. A general method to derive the coefficients $A_n$, $B_n$, $C_n$ in terms of the polynomial coefficients of the divided-difference equations satisfied by orthogonal polynomials on a quadratic or $q$-quadratic lattice is recalled. The Maple implementations rec2ortho of Koorwinder and Swarttouw or retode of Koepf and Schmersau were developed to identify classical orthogonal polynomials given by their three-term recurrence relation as special functions. The two implementations rec2ortho and retode do not handle classical orthogonal polynomials on a quadratic or $q$-quadratic lattice. In this manuscript, the Maple implementation retode of Koepf and Schmersau is extended to cover classical orthogonal polynomials on quadratic or $q$-quadratic lattices and to answer as application an open problem submitted by Alhaidari during the 14th International Symposium on Orthogonal Polynomials, Special Functions and Applications.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.03672

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zbMATH Keywords

classical orthogonal polynomialsthree-term recurrence equationdivided-difference equationretode

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Basic orthogonal polynomials and functions (Askey-Wilson polynomials, etc.) (33D45) Numerical aspects of recurrence relations (65Q30) Numerical methods for difference equations (65Q10) Computational aspects of special functions (33F99)

Cites Work

• NIST handbook of mathematical functions
• Hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials and their \(q\)-analogues. With a foreword by Tom H. Koornwinder
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Representations of orthogonal polynomials
• Some combinatorial and analytical identities
• Connection and linearization coefficients of the Askey-Wilson polynomials
• Some basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials that generalize Jacobi polynomials
• On difference equations for orthogonal polynomials on nonuniform lattices¹
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• Recurrence equations and their classical orthogonal polynomial solutions
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• Classical orthogonal polynomials of a discrete variable on nonuniform lattices
• Divided-difference equation, inversion, connection, multiplication and linearization formulae of the continuous Hahn and the Meixner-Pollaczek polynomials
• On structure formulas for Wilson polynomials
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• Solution of an open problem about two families of orthogonal polynomials

Cited In (10)

• Linear partial \(q\)-difference equations on \(q\)-linear lattices and their bivariate \(q\)-orthogonal polynomial solutions
• Some Appell-type orthogonal polynomials on lattices
• Charting the 𝑞-Askey scheme
• Open problem in orthogonal polynomials
• Orthogonal Polynomials and Computer Algebra
• Recurrence equations and their classical orthogonal polynomial solutions
• Solution of an open problem about two families of orthogonal polynomials
• On an orthogonal polynomial sequence and its recurrence coefficients
• Bound states and the potential parameter spectrum
• A unified construction of all the hypergeometric and basic hypergeometric families of orthogonal polynomial sequences

Uses Software

• Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
• Maple
• retode
• rec2ortho

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