Equilibration properties of small quantum systems: further examples

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AA7F94zbMATH Open1373.81203arXiv1702.05909OpenAlexW3100468925MaRDI QIDQ5363395FDOQ5363395

Authors: J. M. Luck 

Publication date: 6 October 2017

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It has been proposed to investigate the equilibration properties of a small isolated quantum system by means of the matrix of asymptotic transition probabilities in some preferential basis. The trace $T$ of this matrix measures the degree of equilibration of the system prepared in a typical state of the preferential basis. This quantity may vary between unity (ideal equilibration) and the dimension $N$ of the Hilbert space (no equilibration at all). Here we analyze several examples of simple systems where the behavior of $T$ can be investigated by analytical means. We first study the statistics of $T$ when the Hamiltonian governing the dynamics is random and drawn from a distribution invariant under the group U$(N)$ or O$(N)$. We then investigate a quantum spin $S$ in a tilted magnetic field making an arbitrary angle with the preferred quantization axis, as well as a tight-binding particle on a finite electrified chain. The last two cases provide examples of the interesting situation where varying a system parameter -- such as the tilt angle or the electric field -- through some scaling regime induces a continuous transition from good to bad equilibration properties.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.05909

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zbMATH Keywords

localizationthermalizationequilibrationclosed quantum systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs with randomness, stochastic partial differential equations (35R60) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Irreversible thermodynamics, including Onsager-Machlup theory (82B35) Irreversible thermodynamics, including Onsager-Machlup theory (82C35)

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Cited In (2)

• Statistical diagonalization of a random biased Hamiltonian: the case of the eigenvectors
• An investigation of equilibration in small quantum systems: the example of a particle in a 1D random potential

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