Finite-size corrections in random matrix theory and Odlyzko's dataset for the Riemann zeros

DOI10.1098/RSPA.2015.0436zbMATH Open1371.11130OpenAlexW3098819558MaRDI QIDQ5363418FDOQ5363418

Authors Anthony Mays, Peter J. Forrester

Publication date 29 September 2017

Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.06531

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)) (11M06) Nonreal zeros of (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)); Riemann and other hypotheses (11M26) Algebraic number theory computations (11Y40)

Abstract: Odlyzko has computed a data set listing more than $10^9$ successive Riemann zeros, starting at a zero number beyond $10^{23}$. The data set relates to random matrix theory since, according to the Montgomery-Odlyzko law, the statistical properties of the large Riemann zeros agree with the statistical properties of the eigenvalues of large random Hermitian matrices. Moreover, Keating and Snaith, and then Bogomolny and collaborators, have used $NimesN$ random unitary matrices to analyse deviations from this law. We contribute to this line of study in two ways. First, we point out that a natural process to apply to the data set is to thin it by deleting each member independently with some specified probability, and we proceed to compute empirical two-point correlation functions and nearest neighbour spacings in this setting. Second, we show how to characterise the order $1/N^2$ correction term to the spacing distribution for random unitary matrices in terms of a second order differential equation with coefficients that are Painlev'e transcendents, and where the thinning parameter appears only in the boundary condition. This equation can be solved numerically using a power series method. Comparison with the Riemann zero data shows accurate agreement.

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Cited in

(10)

• Optimal soft edge scaling variables for the Gaussian and Laguerre even \(\beta\) ensembles
• Determinantal point processes conditioned on randomly incomplete configurations
• Functional form for the leading correction to the distribution of the largest eigenvalue in the GUE and LUE
• Finite size corrections relating to distributions of the length of longest increasing subsequences
• Asymptotic correlations with corrections for the circular Jacobi \(\beta\)-ensemble
• A review of exact results for fluctuation formulas in random matrix theory
• Leading corrections to the scaling function on the diagonal for the two-dimensional Ising model
• Thinning and conditioning of the circular unitary ensemble
• Large deformations of the Tracy-Widom distribution. I: Non-oscillatory asymptotics
• Finite size effects for spacing distributions in random matrix theory: circular ensembles and Riemann zeros

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