The linear stability of symmetric spike patterns for a bulk-membrane coupled Gierer-Meinhardt model

DOI10.1137/18M1222338zbMATH Open1419.35107arXiv1810.09588MaRDI QIDQ5383207FDOQ5383207

Authors: Daniel Gómez, Michael J. Ward, Juncheng Wei 

Publication date: 20 June 2019

Published in: SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We analyze a coupled bulk-membrane PDE model in which a scalar linear 2-D bulk diffusion process is coupled through a linear Robin boundary condition to a two-component 1-D reaction-diffusion (RD) system with Gierer-Meinhardt (nonlinear) reaction kinetics defined on the domain boundary. For this coupled model, in the singularly perturbed limit of a long-range inhibition and short-range activation for the membrane-bound species, asymptotic methods are used to analyze the existence of localized steady-state multi-spike membrane-bound patterns, and to derive a nonlocal eigenvalue problem (NLEP) characterizing $mathcalO(1)$ time-scale instabilities of these patterns. A central, and novel, feature of this NLEP is that it involves a membrane Green's function that is coupled nonlocally to a bulk Green's function. When the domain is a disk, or in the well-mixed shadow-system limit corresponding to an infinite bulk diffusivity, this Green's function problem is analytically tractable, and as a result we will use a hybrid analytical-numerical approach to determine unstable spectra of this NLEP. This analysis characterizes how the 2-D bulk diffusion process and the bulk-membrane coupling modifies the well-known linear stability properties of steady-state spike patterns for the 1-D Gierer-Meinhardt model in the absence of coupling. In particular, phase diagrams in parameter space for our coupled model characterizing either oscillatory instabilities due to Hopf bifurcations, or competition instabilities due to zero-eigenvalue crossings are constructed. Finally, linear stability predictions from the NLEP analysis are confirmed with full numerical finite-element simulations of the coupled PDE system.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.09588

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zbMATH Keywords

Green's functionspikesHopf bifurcationnonlocal eigenvalue problembulk-membrane couplingcompetition instability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Developmental biology, pattern formation (92C15) Fundamental solutions to PDEs (35A08)

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Cited In (19)

• Stable asymmetric spike equilibria for the Gierer–Meinhardt model with a precursor field
• Bulk-surface coupling: derivation of two models
• Stability of Turing bifurcation in a weighted networked reaction-diffusion system
• Spatiotemporal complexity in a Leslie-Gower type predator-prey model near Turing-Hopf point
• A stochastic-statistical residential burglary model with independent Poisson clocks
• Turing-Hopf bifurcation in diffusive Gierer-Meinhardt model
• Stability of Spike Solutions to the Fractional Gierer-Meinhardt System in a One-Dimensional Domain
• Multi-spike solutions to the one-dimensional subcritical fractional Schnakenberg system
• Interactions Between Pelagic and Benthic Producers: Asymmetric Competition for Light and Nutrients
• Analysis and asymptotic reduction of a bulk-surface reaction-diffusion model of Gierer-Meinhardt type
• Phytoplankton competition for nutrients and light in a stratified lake: a mathematical model connecting epilimnion and hypolimnion
• Existence and stability of symmetric and asymmetric patterns for the half-Laplacian Gierer-Meinhardt system in one-dimensional domain
• Stability analysis and simulations of coupled bulk-surface reaction-diffusion systems
• Turing patterning in stratified domains
• Dynamics of a depletion-type Gierer-Meinhardt model with Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction scheme
• Existence and stability of a boundary layer with an interior spike in the singularly perturbed shadow Gierer-Meinhardt system
• Boundary layer solutions in the Gierer-Meinhardt system with inhomogeneous boundary conditions
• A martingale formulation for stochastic compartmental susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) models to analyze finite size effects in COVID-19 case studies
• Multi-spike patterns in the Gierer-Meinhardt system with a nonzero activator boundary flux

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