The product of operators with closed range in Hilbert C^*-modules

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Abstract: Suppose T and S are bounded adjointable operators with close range between Hilbert C*-modules, then TS has closed range if and only if Ker(T)+Ran(S) is an orthogonal summand, if and only if Ker(S∗)+Ran(T∗) is an orthogonal summand. Moreover, if the Dixmier (or minimal) angle between Ran(S) and Ker(T)cap[Ker(T)capRan(S)]perp is positive and is an orthogonal summand then TS has closed range.


The author gives some necessary and sufficient conditions for the closedness of the range of the product of two orthogonal projections in the setting of Hilbert \(C^*\)-modules. He then applies them to extend some results of \textit{R. Bourgin} [Tohoku Math. J., II. Ser. 25, 359--363 (1973; Zbl 0269.47002)] for operators on Hilbert spaces to Hilbert \(C^*\)-modules. He shows that, if \(T, S\) are adjointable module maps whose ranges are closed, then the operator \(TS\) has closed range if and only if \(\text{Ker}(T)+\text{Ran}(S)\) is an orthogonal summand, and this if and only if \(\text{Ker}(S^*)+\text{Ran}(T^*)\) is an orthogonal summand. Recall that the Dixmier angle between submodules \(M\) and \(N\) of a Hilbert \(C^*\)-module \(E\) is the angle \(\alpha_0(M,N)\) in \([0,\pi/2]\) whose cosine is \(\sup\{\|\langle x, y\rangle\|: x \in M\), \(\|x\| \leq 1\), \(y\in N\), \(\|y\|\leq 1\}\). The author shows that, if the Dixmier angle between \(\text{Ran}(S)\) and \(\text{Ker}(T)\cap[\text{Ker}(T)\cap \text{Ran}(S)]^\perp\) is positive and \(\overline{\text{Ker}(S^*)+ \text{Ran}(T^*)}\) is an orthogonal summand, then \(TS\) has closed range.



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