Dimensions of the spaces of cusp forms and newforms on _0(N) and _1(N)

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Dimensions of the spaces of cusp forms and newforms on \(\Gamma 0(N)\) and \(\Gamma 1(N)\)




Abstract: A formula for the dimension of the space of cuspidal modular forms on Gamma0(N) of weight k (kge2 even) has been known for several decades. More recent but still well-known is the Atkin-Lehner decomposition of this space of cusp forms into subspaces corresponding to newforms on Gamma0(d) of weight k, as d runs over the divisors of N. A recursive algorithm for computing the dimensions of these spaces of newforms follows from the combination of these two results, but it would be desirable to have a formula in closed form for these dimensions. In this paper we establish such a closed-form formula, not only for these dimensions, but also for the corresponding dimensions of spaces of newforms on Gamma1(N) of weight k (kge2). This formula is much more amenable to analysis and to computation. For example, we derive asymptotically sharp upper and lower bounds for these dimensions, and we compute their average orders; even for the dimensions of spaces of cusp forms, these results are new. We also establish sharp inequalities for the special case of weight-2 newforms on Gamma0(N), and we report on extensive computations of these dimensions: we find the complete list of all N such that the dimension of the space of weight-2 newforms on Gamma0(N) is less than or equal to 100 (previous such results had only gone up to dimension 3).




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