The branching process with logistic growth

DOI10.1214/105051605000000098zbMATH Open1075.60112OpenAlexW3100702014MaRDI QIDQ558688FDOQ558688

Authors Amaury Lambert

Publication date 13 July 2005

Published in The Annals of Applied Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0505249

zbMATH Keywords

population dynamicsdensity dependencefragmentationRiccati differential equationcontinuous-state branching processcoalescence processOrnstein-Uhlenbeck type processlogistic processSize-dependent branching process

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Branching processes (Galton-Watson, birth-and-death, etc.) (60J80)

Abstract: In order to model random density-dependence in population dynamics, we construct the random analogue of the well-known logistic process in the branching process' framework. This density-dependence corresponds to intraspecific competition pressure, which is ubiquitous in ecology, and translates mathematically into a quadratic death rate. The logistic branching process, or LB-process, can thus be seen as (the mass of) a fragmentation process (corresponding to the branching mechanism) combined with constant coagulation rate (the death rate is proportional to the number of possible coalescing pairs). In the continuous state-space setting, the LB-process is a time-changed (in Lamperti's fashion) Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type process. We obtain similar results for both constructions: when natural deaths do not occur, the LB-process converges to a specified distribution; otherwise, it goes extinct a.s. In the latter case, we provide the expectation and the Laplace transform of the absorption time, as a functional of the solution of a Riccati differential equation. We also show that the quadratic regulatory term allows the LB-process to start at infinity, despite the fact that births occur infinitely often as the initial state goes to infty. This result can be viewed as an extension of the pure-death process starting from infinity associated to Kingman's coalescent, when some independent fragmentation is added.

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