Mayer-Vietoris sequence for generating families in diffeological spaces
The concept of diffeology generalises differentiable structures on manifolds. It is suitable to treat singular cases like non-Hausdorff quotients and it naturally comes up in the context of iterated integrals, see [\textit{P. Iglesias-Zemmour}, Diffeology. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2013; Zbl 1269.53003)]. Among other things, one can define de Rham cohomology using diffeology and for this, a Mayer-Vietoris type Theorem would be of great help for computations and abstract arguments alike. There have been several contructions, see for example [\textit{T. Haraguchi}, Kyushu J. Math. 68, No. 2, 333--345 (2014; Zbl 1327.58004); \textit{N. Iwase} and \textit{N. Izumida}, in: Algebraic topology and related topics. Selected papers based on the presentations at the 7th East Asian conference on algebraic topology, Mohali, Punjab, India, December 1--6, 2017. Singapore: Birkhäuser. 123--151 (2019; Zbl 1419.58005); \textit{K. Kuribayashi}, Indag. Math., New Ser. 31, No. 6, 934--967 (2020; Zbl 1473.58002)]. These are all based on open set decompositions of the induced topological space. Topology, however, is secondary in the theory of diffeologies. In the present paper, a novel approach is presented, rather depending on generators of the diffeology rather than open sets. As the main result, the authors obtain an exact sequence \[ 0\to\Omega(X)\to\Omega(\alpha)\oplus\Omega(\beta)\to\Omega(P), \] where \(\Omega(\alpha)\) and \(\Omega(\beta)\) are subcomplexes defined by the two generators \(\alpha,\beta\). It is possible to extend this to a countable family of generators to obtain a long exact sequence of complexes of differential forms. However, these spaces of differential forms are not localised and in order to compute cohomology, one would have to use partitions of unity, a concept which is not available in the diffeological context.
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