Virtual element method for elliptic bulk‐surface PDEs in three space dimensions

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Abstract: In this work we present a novel bulk-surface virtual element method (BSVEM) for the numerical approximation of elliptic bulk-surface partial differential equations (BSPDEs) in three space dimensions. The BSVEM is based on the discretisation of the bulk domain into polyhedral elements with arbitrarily many faces. The polyhedral approximation of the bulk induces a polygonal approximation of the surface. Firstly, we present a geometric error analysis of bulk-surface polyhedral meshes independent of the numerical method. Then, we show that BSVEM has optimal second-order convergence in space, provided the exact solution is H2+3/4 in the bulk and H2 on the surface, where the additional frac34 is due to the combined effect of surface curvature and polyhedral elements close to the boundary. We show that general polyhedra can be exploited to reduce the computational time of the matrix assembly. To demonstrate optimal convergence results, a numerical example is presented on the unit sphere.




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