Spherical designs and modular forms of the D₄ lattice

DOI10.1007/S40993-023-00479-1arXiv2303.09000OpenAlexW4388141537MaRDI QIDQ6072071FDOQ6072071

Authors: Masatake Hirao, Hiroshi Nozaki, Koji Tasaka 

Publication date: 29 November 2023

Published in: Research in Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper, we study shells of the $D_4$ lattice with a slightly general concept of spherical $t$-designs due to Delsarte-Goethals-Seidel, namely, the spherical design of harmonic index $T$ (spherical $T$-design for short) introduced by Delsarte-Seidel. We first observe that the $2m$-shell of $D_4$ is an antipodal spherical $10,4,2$-design on the three dimensional sphere. We then prove that the $2$-shell, which is the $D_4$ root system, is tight $10,4,2$-design, using the linear programming method. The uniqueness of the $D_4$ root system as an antipodal spherical $10,4,2$-design with 24 points is shown. We give two applications of the uniqueness: a decomposition of the shells of the $D_4$ lattice in terms of orthogonal transformations of the $D_4$ root system: and the uniqueness of the $D_4$ lattice as an even integral lattice of level 2 in the four dimensional Euclidean space. We also reveal a connection between the harmonic strength of the shells of the $D_4$ lattice and non-vanishing of the Fourier coefficient of a certain newforms of level 2. Motivated by this, congruence relations for the Fourier coefficients are discussed.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09000

zbMATH Keywords

spherical designs of harmonic indexweighted theta functions\(D_4\) root lattice/systemnon-vanishing and congruences of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms of level 2

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other designs, configurations (05B30) Congruences for modular and (p)-adic modular forms (11F33) Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms (11F30) Lattices and convex bodies (number-theoretic aspects) (11H06) Lattice points in specified regions (11P21)

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