q-distributions on boxed plane partitions

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Publication:607471



Abstract: We introduce elliptic weights of boxed plane partitions and prove that they give rise to a generalization of MacMahon's product formula for the number of plane partitions in a box. We then focus on the most general positive degenerations of these weights that are related to orthogonal polynomials; they form three two-dimensional families. For distributions from these families we prove two types of results. First, we construct explicit Markov chains that preserve these distributions. In particular, this leads to a relatively simple exact sampling algorithm. Second, we consider a limit when all dimensions of the box grow and plane partitions become large, and prove that the local correlations converge to those of ergodic translation invariant Gibbs measures. For fixed proportions of the box, the slopes of the limiting Gibbs measures (that can also be viewed as slopes of tangent planes to the hypothetical limit shape) are encoded by a single quadratic polynomial.


The uniform distribution on boxed plane partitions (equivalently, lozenge tilings of a hexagon) is one of the most studied model of random surfaces. In this paper, measures on boxed plane partitions that generalize the uniform distribution are studied. The weight of a tiling is defined as the product of certain sample factors over all lozenges of a fixed type. One special case is the weight \(q^{volume}\), where \(volume\) is the volume of the corresponding plane partition, and \(q\) is an arbitrary positive number. In the most general case the weight of a lozenge is considered as elliptic which leads to a generalization of the MacMahon formula for the total number of plane partition in a given box. A perfect sampling algorithm is obtained from a more general construction of relatively simple Markov chains that change the size of the box and that map the measures from the class which are considered to be similar. Asymptotic results show that near any point of the limit shape the measure on tilings converges to a translation-invariant ergodic Gibbs measure on the lozenge tiling of the plane of a given slope and the slope coincides with the slope of the tangent plane to the limit shape at the chosen point.



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