Inequities in the Shanks–Renyi prime number race over function fields

DOI10.1112/MTK.12150MaRDI QIDQ6074964zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors

Publication date 20 September 2023

Published in Mathematika (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.06669

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)) (11M06) Asymptotic results on counting functions for algebraic and topological structures (11N45) Zeta functions and (L)-functions of function fields (11R59) Arithmetic theory of polynomial rings over finite fields (11T55)

Abstract: Fix a prime $p>2$ and a finite field $mathbb{F}_q$ with $q$ elements, where $q$ is a power of $p$. Let $m$ be a monic polynomial in the polynomial ring $mathbb{F}_q[T]$ such that $deg(m)$ is large. Fix an integer $rgeq2$, and let $a_1,dots,a_r$ be distinct residue classes modulo $m$ that are relatively prime to $m$. In this paper, we derive an asymptotic formula for the natural density $delt{a}_{m;a_1,dots,a_r}$ of the set of all positive integers $X$ such that $sumlimit{s}_{N=1}^{X}p{i}_q(a_1,m,N)>sumlimit{s}_{N=1}^{X}p{i}_q(a_2,m,N)>dots>sumlimit{s}_{N=1}^{X}p{i}_q(a_r,m,N)$, where $p{i}_q(a_i,m,N)$ denotes the number of irreducible monic polynomials in $mathbb{F}_q[T]$ of degree $N$ that are congruent to $$, under the assumption of LI (Linear Independence Hypothesis). Many consequences follow from our results. First, we deduce the exact rate at which $delt{a}_{m;a_1,a_2}$ converges to $frac12$ as $deg(m)$ grows, where $a_1$ is a quadratic non-residue and $a_2$ is a quadratic residue modulo $m$, generalizing the work of Fiorilli and Martin. Furthermore, similarly to the number field setting, we show that two-way races behave differently than races involving three or more competitors, once $deg(m)$ is large. In particular, biases do appear in races involving three or more quadratic residues (or quadratic non-residues) modulo $m$. This work is a function field analog of the work of Lamzouri, who established similar results in the number field case. However, we exhibit some examples of races in function fields where LI is false, and where the associated densities vanish, or behave differently than in the number field setting.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(2)

• Exceptional biases in counting primes over function fields
• An annotated bibliography for comparative prime number theory

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