Spectral asymptotics for contracted tensor ensembles

DOI10.1214/23-EJP1001MaRDI QIDQ6136820zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Benson Au, Jorge Garza Vargas

Publication date 17 January 2024

Published in Electronic Journal of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.01652

zbMATH Keywords

random matrixfree probabilityrandom tensor

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Free probability and free operator algebras (46L54)

Abstract: Let $mathbf{T}_{d,N}:Omegaomathbb{R}^{N^d}$ be a random real symmetric Wigner-type tensor. For unit vectors $(u_N^{(i,j)}{)}_{iinI,jin[d-2]}subsetmathbb{S}^{N-1}$, we study the contracted tensor ensemble [ left(frac{1}{sqrt{N}}mathbf{T}_{d, N}left[u_N^{(i, 1)} otimes cdots otimes u_N^{(i, d-2)} ight] ight)_{i in I}. ] For large $N$, we show that the joint spectral distribution of this ensemble is well-approximated by a semicircular family $(s_i{)}_{iinI}$ whose covariance $(mathbf{K}_{i,i^{\prime }}^{(N)}{)}_{i,i^{\prime }inI}$ is given by the rescaled overlaps of the corresponding symmetrized contractions [ mathbf{K}_{i, i'}^{(N)} = frac{1}{d(d-1)}langle u_N^{(i, 1)} odot cdots odot u_N^{(i, d-2)}, u_N^{(i', 1)} odot cdots odot u_N^{(i', d-2)} angle, ] which is the true covariance of the ensemble up to a $O_d(N^{-1})$ correction. We further characterize the extreme cases of the variance $mathbf{K}_{i,i}^{(N)}in[frac1d!,frac1d(d-1)]$. Our analysis relies on a tensorial extension of the usual graphical calculus for moment method calculations in random matrix theory, allowing us to access the independence in our random tensor ensemble.

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