Bosons in a double well: two-mode approximation and fluctuations

DOI10.2140/APDE.2023.16.1885MaRDI QIDQ6145239zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Alessandro Olgiati, N. Rougerie, Dominique Spehner

Publication date 9 January 2024

Published in Analysis \& PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.08690

zbMATH Keywords

Bose-Einstein condensationmany-body quantum mechanicsBose-Hubbard modelBogoliubov theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

A priori estimates in context of PDEs (35B45) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Variational principles of physics (49S05) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Existence theories for free problems in one independent variable (49J05) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) Bosonic systems in quantum theory (81V73)

Abstract: We study the ground state for many interacting bosons in a double-well potential, in a joint limit where the particle number and the distance between the potential wells both go to infinity. Two single-particle orbitals (one for each well) are macroscopically occupied, and we are concerned with deriving the corresponding effective Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. We prove (i) an energy expansion, including the two-modes Bose-Hubbard energy and two independent Bogoliubov corrections (one for each potential well), (ii) a variance bound for the number of particles falling inside each potential well. The latter is a signature of a correlated ground state in that it violates the central limit theorem.

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