Defining the spectral position of a Neumann domain

DOI10.2140/APDE.2023.16.2147MaRDI QIDQ6145246zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors R. Band, Graham Cox, Sebastian K. Egger

Publication date 9 January 2024

Published in Analysis \& PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14564

zbMATH Keywords

Laplacian eigenfunctionsMorse-Smale complexesNeumann domainsNeumann linesnodal domains

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Topological and differentiable equivalence, conjugacy, moduli, classification of dynamical systems (37C15) 2-dimensional topology (including mapping class groups of surfaces, Teichmüller theory, curve complexes, etc.) (57K20) Spectral theory; eigenvalue problems on manifolds (58C40) Elliptic equations on manifolds, general theory (58J05) Spectral problems; spectral geometry; scattering theory on manifolds (58J50)

Abstract: A Laplacian eigenfunction on a two-dimensional Riemannian manifold provides a natural partition into Neumann domains (a.k.a. a Morse--Smale complex). This partition is generated by gradient flow lines of the eigenfunction, which bound the so-called Neumann domains. We prove that the Neumann Laplacian defined on a Neumann domain is self-adjoint and has a purely discrete spectrum. In addition, we prove that the restriction of an eigenfunction to any one of its Neumann domains is an eigenfunction of the Neumann Laplacian. By comparison, similar statements about the Dirichlet Laplacian on a nodal domain of an eigenfunction are basic and well-known. The difficulty here is that the boundary of a Neumann domain may have cusps and cracks, so standard results about Sobolev spaces are not available. Another very useful common fact is that the restricted eigenfunction on a nodal domain is the first eigenfunction of the Dirichlet Laplacian. This is no longer true for a Neumann domain. Our results enable the investigation of the resulting spectral position problem for Neumann domains, which is much more involved than its nodal analogue.

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Cited in

(2)

• Homology of spectral minimal partitions
• Neumann domains of planar analytic eigenfunctions

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