Recognizing the G₂-horospherical manifold of Picard number 1 by varieties of minimal rational tangents

DOI10.1007/S00031-022-09791-ZMaRDI QIDQ6152213zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 11 March 2024

Published in Transformation Groups (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.09226

exceptional Lie groups horospherical manifolds varieties of minimal rational tangents

Homogeneous spaces and generalizations (14M17) Deformations of complex structures (32G05) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15)

Abstract: Pasquier and Perrin discovered that the

{m G}_{2}

-horospherical manifold

of Picard number 1 can be realized as a smooth specialization of the rational homogeneous space parameterizing the lines on the 5-dimensional hyperquadric, in other words, it can be deformed nontrivially to the rational homogeneous space. We show that

is the only smooth projective variety with this property. This is obtained as a consequence of our main result that

can be recognized by its VMRT, namely, a Fano manifold of Picard number 1 is biregular to

if and only if its VMRT at a general point is projectively isomorphic to that of

. We employ the method the authors developed to solve the corresponding problem for symplectic Grassmannians, which constructs a flat Cartan connection in a neighborhood of a general minimal rational curve. In adapting this method to

, we need an intricate study of the positivity/negativity of vector bundles with respect to a family of rational curves, which is subtler than the case of symplectic Grassmannians because of the nature of the differential geometric structure on

arising from VMRT.

Review text

The authors work over the complex numbers, in the holomorphic setting. The main object of interest is the \(G_2\)-horospherical manifold \(\mathbf{X}\) of Picard number \(1\), which is Fano and 7-dimensional. By a result of Pasquier and Perrin, \(\mathbf{X}\) can be deformed nontrivially to the rational homogeneous space \(\mathrm{Lines}(\mathbb{Q}^5)\) parametrizing lines on the 5-dimensional hyperquadric. In this paper, it is shown that \(\mathbf{X}\) is the only smooth projective variety with this property. More precisely, when considering a smooth projective morphism from an 8-dimensional complex manifold to the unit disk, such that all non-central fibers are biregular to \(\mathrm{Lines}(\mathbb{Q}^5)\) (resp. biregular to \(\mathbf{X}\)) then the central fiber is biregular to either \(\mathrm{Lines}(\mathbb{Q}^5)\) or to \(\mathbf{X}\) (resp. biregular to \(\mathbf{X}\)). The above is an application of the following main result of this paper: Let \(X\) be a 7-dimensional Fano manifold of Picard number 1. If the VMRT (variety of minimal rational tangents) of \(X\) at a general point is isomorphic to that of \(\mathbf{X}\), then \(X\) is biregular to \(\mathbf{X}\). In other words, the horospherical manifold \(\mathbf{X}\) is characterized by its VMRT. The method of proof is an adaptation of the one developed by the authors to solve the corresponding problem for symplectic Grassmannians.

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