Log-concavity of the restricted partition function p_A(n, k) and the new Bessenrodt-Ono type inequality

Combinatorial aspects of partitions of integers (05A17) Analytic theory of partitions (11P82) Partition identities; identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type (11P84)

Abstract: Let

m a t h c a l A = (a_{i})_{i = 1}^{i} n f t y

be a non-decreasing sequence of positive integers and let

k i n m a t h b b N_{+}

be fixed. The function

p_{m} a t h c a l A (n, k)

counts the number of partitions of

n

with parts in the multiset

a_{1}, a_{2}, l d o t s, a_{k}

. We find out a new type of Bessenrodt-Ono inequality for the function

p_{m} a t h c a l A (n, k)

. Further, we discover when and under what conditions on

k

,

a_{1}, a_{2}, l d o t s, a_{k}

and

N i n m a t h b b N_{+}

, the sequence

l e f t (p_{m} a t h c a l A (n, k) i g h t)_{n = N}^{i} n f t y

is log-concave. Our proofs are based on the asymptotic behavior of

p_{m} a t h c a l A (n, k)

, in particular, we apply the results of Netto and P'olya-Szeg"o as well as the Almkavist's estimation.

Review text

Let \(\mathcal A = (a_i)_{i=1}^\infty\) be a non-decreasing sequence of positive integers, and let \(k\in\mathbb{N}_+\) be fixed. The restricted partition function \(p_{\mathcal A}(n, k)\) is given by \[ \sum_{n=0}^\infty p_{\mathcal A}(n, k)\,q^n = \prod_{i=1}^k \frac{1}{1-q^{a_i}}. \] In this paper, the author investigates under what conditions on positive integers \(a\), \(b\) and \(k\) and the set \(\{a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_k\}\), the inequality \[ p_{\mathcal A}(a, k)\,p_{\mathcal A}(b, k) > p_{\mathcal A}(a+b, k) \] holds. In this context, the author discovers when and under what conditions on \(k\), \(\{a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_k\}\) and \(N\in\mathbb{N}_+\) the sequence \((p_{\mathcal A}(n, k))_{n=N}^\infty\) is log-concave.

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