Hermite-Padé approximation and integrability

DOI10.1016/J.JAT.2023.105910MaRDI QIDQ6156882zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Adam Doliwa, Artur Siemaszko

Publication date 19 June 2023

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.06829

zbMATH Keywords

numerical analysisincidence geometrymultiple orthogonal polynomialsrational approximationHirota equationdiscrete integrable systemsHermite-Padé approximationToda chain equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relations of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian dynamical systems with algebraic geometry, complex analysis, and special functions (37K20) Lattice dynamics; integrable lattice equations (37K60) Padé approximation (41A21) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Numerical aspects of recurrence relations (65Q30) Configuration theorems in linear incidence geometry (51A20) Dynamical systems in numerical analysis (37N30)

Abstract: We show that solution to the Hermite-Pad'{e} type I approximation problem leads in a natural way to a subclass of solutions of the Hirota (discrete Kadomtsev-Petviashvili) system and of its adjoint linear problem. Our result explains the appearence of various ingredients of the integrable systems theory in application to multiple orthogonal polynomials, numerical algorthms, random matrices, and in other branches of mathematical physics and applied mathematics where the Hermite-Pad'{e} approximation problem is relevant. We present also the geometric algorithm, based on the notion of Desargues maps, of construction of solutions of the problem in the projective space over the field of rational functions. As a byproduct we obtain the corresponding generalization of the Wynn recurrence. We isolate the boundary data of the Hirota system which provide solutions to Hermite-Pad'{e} problem showing that the corresponding reduction lowers dimensionality of the system. In particular, we obtain certain equations which, in addition to the known ones given by Paszkowski, can be considered as direct analogs of the Frobenius identities. We study the place of the reduced system within the integrability theory, which results in finding multidimensional (in the sense of number of variables) extension of the discrete-time Toda chain equations.

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Cited in

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• Invariance properties in Hermite-Padé approximation theory

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