A unified approach to nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2023.06.018MaRDI QIDQ6168545zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Brian Lins

Publication date 9 August 2023

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.01219

zbMATH Keywords

real analytic functionsnonexpansive mapsexistence and uniqueness of eigenvectorsHilber projection metricorder preserving and homogeneous

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Contraction-type mappings, nonexpansive mappings, (A)-proper mappings, etc. (47H09) Fixed-point theorems (47H10) Monotone and positive operators on ordered Banach spaces or other ordered topological vector spaces (47H07)

Abstract: Let $f:mathbb{R}_{>0}^{n}ightarrowmathbb{R}_{>0}^n$ be an order-preserving and homogeneous function. We show that the set of eigenvectors of $f$ in $mathbb{R}_{>0}^n$ is nonempty and bounded in Hilbert's projective metric if and only if $f$ satisfies a condition involving upper and lower Collatz-Wielandt numbers of readily computed auxiliary functions. This condition generalizes a test for the existence of eigenvectors using hypergraphs that was proved by Akian, Gaubert, and Hochart. We include several examples to show how the new condition can be combined with the hypergraph test to give a systematic approach to determine when homogeneous and order-preserving functions have eigenvectors in $mathbb{R}_{>0}^n$. We also observe that if the entries of $f$ are real analytic functions on $mathbb{R}_{>0}^n$, then the set of eigenvectors of $f$ in $mathbb{R}_{>0}^n$ is nonempty and bounded in Hilbert's projective metric if and only if the eigenvector is unique, up to scaling.

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Cited in

(1)

• Nonlinear Perron--Frobenius theory in finite dimensions

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