On the equality between rank and trace of an idempotent matrix

DOI10.1016/J.AMC.2010.10.022MaRDI QIDQ618106zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Oskar Maria Baksalary, Dennis S. Bernstein, Götz Trenkler

Publication date 14 January 2011

Published in Applied Mathematics and Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2010.10.022

zbMATH Keywords

idempotent matrixMoore-Penrose inverseoblique projectororthogonal projectorpartitioned matrixranktrace

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03) Theory of matrix inversion and generalized inverses (15A09) Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions (15A15)

Review text

The paper deals with the question whether it is possible to derive the equality between the rank and trace of an idempotent matrix by using only the idempotency property, without referring to any further features of the matrix. It is shown that such a proof can be obtained by exploiting a general characteristic of the rank of any matrix. An original proof of this characteristic is provided, which utilizes a formula for the Moore-Penrose inverse of a partitioned matrix. Further consequences of the rank property are discussed, in particular, several additional facts are established with considerably simpler proofs than those available. Moreover, a collection of new results referring to the coincidence between rank and trace of an idempotent matrix are derived as well.

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(16)

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• Fractionalization of a discrete Hankel transform based on an involutory symmetric kernel matrix
• A brief derivation of necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of matrix quadratic forms to have mutually independent non-central Wishart distributions
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• A note on the equality of rank and trace for an idempotent matrix
• Further results for the dual Hartwig-Spindelböck decomposition and its applications
• Unique builders for classes of matrices

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