Equidistribution of Heegner points and ternary quadratic forms

DOI10.1007/S00208-010-0568-5MaRDI QIDQ634796zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dimitar Jetchev, Ben Kane

Publication date 16 August 2011

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0908.3905

zbMATH Keywords

equidistributionHeegner pointssupersingular elliptic curvesternary quadratic forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20) Analytic theory (Epstein zeta functions; relations with automorphic forms and functions) (11E45) Elliptic curves over global fields (11G05)

Abstract: We prove new equidistribution results for Galois orbits of Heegner points with respect to reduction maps at inert primes. The arguments are based on two different techniques: primitive representations of integers by quadratic forms and distribution relations for Heegner points. Our results generalize one of the equidistribution theorems established by Cornut and Vatsal in the sense that we allow both the fundamental discriminant and the conductor to grow. Moreover, for fixed fundamental discriminant and variable conductor, we deduce an effective surjectivity theorem for the reduction map from Heegner points to supersingular points at a fixed inert prime. Our results are applicable to the setting considered by Kolyvagin in the construction of the Heegner points Euler system.

Review text

The authors prove new equidistribution results for Galois orbits of Heegner points with respect to single reduction maps at inert primes. Let \(N\) be a positive integer and \(X_0(N)_{/\mathbb Q}\) be the modular curve associated to the congruence subgroup \(\Gamma_0(N)\). Let \(\ell\) be a prime such that \((\ell,N)=1\) and let \(\mathcal D_N\) be the set of all fundamental discriminants \(D<0\) such that every prime factor of \(N\) splits in \(K_D:=\mathbb Q(\sqrt D)\) and such that \(\ell\) is inert in \(K_D\). Let also \(\Omega_N\) be the set of pairs \((D,c)\) with \(D\in\mathcal D_N\) and \((c,N)=1\). For \((D,c)\in\Omega_N\), the Heegner points \(x\) of discriminant \(c^2D\) on \(X_0(N)\) are defined over the ring class field \(K_D[c]\). Let \(\Gamma_{D,c}:=\{\sigma x: \sigma\in\mathrm{Gal}(K_D[c]/K_D)\}\) be the Galois orbit. Since \(\ell\) is inert in \(K_D\), the Heegner points of discriminant \(c^2D\) reduce to supersingular points modulo \(\ell\). The uniform distribution of Galois orbits of Heegner points with respect to these reduction maps was the key step in the argument of Cornut and Vatsal for the proof of Mazur's conjecture on the non-triviality of Heegner points over the \(p\)-adic anticyclotomic tower. To state the new equidistribution result in the paper, let \(X_0(N)^{\mathrm{SS}}_{/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}}\) be the set of supersingular points on \(X_0(N)\) modulo \(\ell\). Recall that each point \(s\) in \(X_0(N)^{\mathrm{SS}}_{/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}}\) represents a pair \(\mathbb E=(E,C)\) of a superelliptic elliptic curve \(E_{/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}}\) and a cyclic subgroup \(C\) of \(E\) of order \(N\). The endomorphism ring of \(\mathbb E\) is an Eichler order \(R_s\) of level \(N\) in the definite quaternion algebra over \(\mathbb Q\) ramified precisely at \(\ell\) and \(\infty\). Let \(w_s\) denote the number of units in \(R_s\) and define the canonical measure on \(X_0(N)^{\mathrm{SS}}_{/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}}\) by \[ \mu_{\mathrm{can}}(s):=\frac{1/w_s}{\sum_{s'\in X_0(N)^{\mathrm{SS}}_{/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}}}1/w_s'}. \] Then the main result of the paper states that if we let \[ \mu_{D,c}(s):=\frac{\#\{x\in\Gamma_{D,c}:\text{ the reduction of }x \text{ is }s\}}{\#\Gamma_{D,c}}, \qquad s\in X_0(N)^{\mathrm{SS}}/\mathbb F_{\ell^2}, \] then the weak-\(^*\) limit \(\lim_{-c^2D\to\infty,(D,c)\in\Omega_N}\mu_{D,c}\) exists and equals \(\mu_{\mathrm{can}}\). Here to say that the weak-\(^*\) limit of a sequence of measure \(\{\mu_n\}\) on a finite set \(X\) exists and converges to a measure \(\mu\) on \(X\) means that for each function \(f:X\to\mathbb R\), the limit \(\lim_{n\to\infty}\int_Xf\,d\mu_n\) exists and equals \(\int_Xf\,d\mu\). The authors' results generalize the results of Cornut and Vatsal in the sense that the authors allow both the fundamental discriminant and the conductor to grow.

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Cited in

(12)

• On the \(j\)-invariants of CM-elliptic curves defined over \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)
• Ribet bimodules and the specialization of Heegner points
• \(p\)-adic distribution of CM points and Hecke orbits. I: Convergence towards the Gauss point
• Equidistribution of bounded torsion CM points
• p-adic equidistribution of CM points
• Equidistribution of Hecke points on the supersingular module
• Rankin-Selberg L-functions and the reduction of CM elliptic curves
• Representation by ternary quadratic forms
• A note on the variance of the distribution of Heegner points
• On sign changes of cusp forms and the halting of an algorithm to construct a supersingular elliptic curve with a given endomorphism ring
• Representation of integers by positive ternary quadratic forms and equidistribution of lattice points on ellipsoids
• Equidistribution of Heegner points and the partition function

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