A supercharacter analogue for normality.

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Abstract: Diaconis and Isaacs define a supercharacter theory for algebra groups over a finite field by constructing certain unions of conjugacy classes called superclasses and certain reducible characters called supercharacters. This work investigates the properties of algebra subgroups HsubsetG which are unions of some set of the superclasses of G; we call such subgroups supernormal. After giving a few useful equivalent formulations of this definition, we show that products of supernormal subgroups are supernormal and that all normal pattern subgroups are supernormal. We then classify the set of supernormal subgroups of Un(q), the group of unipotent upper triangular matrices over the finite field FFq, and provide a formula for the number of such subgroups when q is prime. Following this, we give supercharacter analogues for Clifford's theorem and Mackey's "method of little groups." Specifically, we show that a supercharacter restricted to a supernormal subgroup decomposes as a sum of supercharacters with the same degree and multiplicity. We then describe how the supercharacters of an algebra group of the form Ufkn=UfkhltimesUfka, where Ufka is supernormal and fka2=0, are parametrized by Ufkh-orbits of the supercharacters of Ufka and the supercharacters of the stabilizer subgroups of these orbits.




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