Analysis of a spatio-temporal advection-diffusion model for human behaviors during a catastrophic event

Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Positive solutions to PDEs (35B09) Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Traffic problems in operations research (90B20) Social and behavioral sciences: general topics (91C99) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)

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The paper is concerned with the spatio-temporal macroscopic first-order non-conservative pedestrians model, namely \N\[\N\left\{\begin{array}{l} \partial_t\rho_i+\nabla\cdot q_i(\rho)=f_i(\rho_1,\ldots,\rho_5),\text{ in }[0,T)\times \Omega,\\\Nq_i\cdot n=q_i^0\cdot n,\text{ in }[0,T)\times \partial \Omega,\\\N\rho_i(0)=\rho_i^0,\text{ in }\Omega. \end{array}\right.\tag{1}\N\]\NHere \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^2\) is a bounded domain with smooth boundary \(\partial \Omega\), \(\rho_i\) is the density of population representing a specific human behavior, \(q_i:=-d_i\nabla \rho_i+\rho_i\vec v_i(\rho)\) is the corresponding flux, \(f_i\) is a given nonlinear coupling reaction term, and \(\rho_i^0\) is the initial population density, for \(i=1,\ldots,5\). This model describes the evolution of a population in a sudden, unexpected and without warning signs disaster. By using the theory of semigroups of bounded linear operators, the authors prove the local existence, uniqueness and regularity of a solution to problem \((1)\). They also give sufficient conditions on the parameters which ensure the positivity and the \(L^1\)-boundedness of this solution. Numerical simulations for several scenarios of evacuation of a population in an emergency situation are also presented.

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