Nuclear dimension and Z-stability of pure C^-algebras

Abstract: In this article I study a number of topological and algebraic dimension type properties of simple C*-algebras and their interplay. In particular, a simple C*-algebra is defined to be (tracially) (m,�ar{m})-pure, if it has (strong tracial) m-comparison and is (tracially) �ar{m}-almost divisible. These notions are related to each other, and to nuclear dimension. The main result says that if a separable, simple, nonelementary, unital C*-algebra A with locally finite nuclear dimension is (m,�ar{m})-pure, then it absorbs the Jiang-Su algebra Z tensorially. It follows that A is Z-stable if and only if it has the Cuntz semigroup of a Z-stable C*-algebra. The result may be regarded as a version of Kirchberg's celebrated theorem that separable, simple, nuclear, purely infinite C*-algebras absorb the Cuntz algebra O_infty tensorially. As a corollary we obtain that finite nuclear dimension implies Z-stability for separable, simple, nonelementary, unital C*-algebras; this settles an important case of a conjecture by Toms and the author. The main result also has a number of consequences for Elliott's program to classify nuclear C*-algebras by their K-theory data. In particular, it completes the classification of simple, unital, approximately homogeneous algebras with slow dimension growth by their Elliott invariants, a question left open in the Elliott-Gong-Li classification of simple AH algebras. Another consequence is that for simple, unital, approximately subhomogeneous algebras, slow dimension growth and Z-stability are equivalent. In the case where projections separate traces, this completes the classification of simple, unital, approximately subhomogeneous algebras with slow dimension growth by their ordered K-groups.

Review text

The Jiang-Su algebra $Z$ has come to play a central role in Elliott's classification program. The author has shown that each strongly self-absorbing $C^{\ast}$-algebra $D$ absorbs the Jiang-Su algebra $Z$ tensorially, where $D$ is one of some known strongly self-absorbing examples ($Z$ for stably finite, separable, nuclear, simple unital $C^{\ast}$-algebras and the Cuntz algebra $O_{\infty}$ for purely infinite, separable, nuclear, simple unital $C^{\ast}$-algebras) in a former paper [Invent. Math. 179, No. 2, 229--301 (2010; Zbl 1194.46104)]. If a simple $C^{\ast}$-algebra has (strongly tracial) $m$-comparison and is $\overline{m}$-almost divisible, then it is called (tracially) ($m, \overline{m}$)-pure. In the paper under review, the author shows that any separable, simple, nonelementary, unital $C^{\ast}$-algebra with $(m, \overline{m}$)-pure locally finite nuclear dimension absorbs the Jiang-Su algebra $Z$-tensorially. From this result, the author gives a sufficient and necessary condition for a separable, simple, nonelementary, unital $C^{\ast}$-algebra with locally finite nuclear dimension to be $Z$-stable, namely, such a $C^{\ast}$-algebra has the Cuntz-semigroup of some $Z$-stable $C^{\ast}$-algebras. This article makes an important contribution to the program of the classification of $C^{\ast}$-algebras, and the main result of this paper has many consequences for Elliott's classification program (see Corollaries 7.2, 7.3, 7.5., 7.6., 7.7). Especially, for example, in Corollary 7.7, the author answers an important technical question by \textit{G. A. Elliott} et al. [Invent. Math. 168, No. 2, 249--320 (2007; Zbl 1129.46051)] and gives a classification with a less restrictive condition of very slow dimension growth.

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