Lax pairs, recursion operators and bi-Hamiltonian representations of (3+1)-dimensional Hirota type equations
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Lax pairs, recursion operators and bi-Hamiltonian representations of \((3+1)\)-dimensional Hirota type equations
Lax pairs, recursion operators and bi-Hamiltonian representations of \((3+1)\)-dimensional Hirota type equations
Hamiltonian operatorLax pairrecursion operatorbi-Hamiltonian systemskew factorizationheavenly equations
Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) PDEs in connection with relativity and gravitational theory (35Q75)
Abstract: We consider (3+1)-dimensional second-order evolutionary PDEs where the unknown enters only in the form of the 2nd-order partial derivatives. For such equations which possess a Lagrangian, we show that all of them have a symplectic Monge--Amp`ere form and determine their Lagrangians. We develop a calculus for transforming the symmetry condition to a "skew-factorized" form from which we immediately extract Lax pairs and recursion relations for symmetries, thus showing that all such equations are integrable in the traditional sense. We convert these equations together with their Lagrangians to a two-component form and obtain recursion operators in a matrix form. We transform our equations from Lagrangian to Hamiltonian form by using the Dirac's theory of constraints. Composing recursion operators with the Hamiltonian operators we obtain the second Hamiltonian form of our systems, thus showing that they are bi-Hamiltonian systems integrable in the sense of Magri. By this approach, we obtain five new bi-Hamiltonian multi-parameter systems in (3+1) dimensions.
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Cited in
(7)- Symmetries, integrals and hierarchies of new (3+1)-dimensional bi-Hamiltonian systems of Monge-Ampère type
- Generalization of bi-Hamiltonian systems in \((3+1)\) dimension, possessing partner symmetries
- Evolutionary Hirota type \((2+1)\)-dimensional equations: Lax pairs, recursion operators and bi-Hamiltonian structures
- On integrability of the higher dimensional time fractional KdV-type equation
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4082145 (Why is no real title available?)
- Recursion operators and bi-Hamiltonian representations of cubic evolutionary (2+1)-dimensional systems
- Remarks on the Lagrangian representation of bi-Hamiltonian equations
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