Embedding finitely generated free-by-cyclic groups in \finitely generated free\-by-cyclic groups

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNAG020MaRDI QIDQ6853973zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Marco Linton

Publication date 25 February 2026

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1093/IMRN/RNAG020

zbMATH Keywords

free product decompositionfree-by-cyclic groupgraph of groupHNN extensionhyperbolic groupisoperimetric inequalitymapping torusquasi-convex subgroupretract

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Free nonabelian groups (20E05) Free products of groups, free products with amalgamation, Higman-Neumann-Neumann extensions, and generalizations (20E06) Geometric group theory (20F65) Hyperbolic groups and nonpositively curved groups (20F67)

Review text

The paper refines techniques of \textit{M.~Feighn} and \textit{M.~Handel} [Ann. Math. (2) 149, No. 3, 1061--1077 (1999; Zbl 0938.20022)] for finitely generated subgroups of mapping tori, specialized here to free-by-cyclic groups \(G=F\rtimes_\psi \mathbb Z\) without assuming that \(F\) is finitely generated. It develops a graph-theoretic framework of \(\psi\)-bi-invariant graph triples together with a tightening procedure. A key technical statement is an HNN-extension description read off from minimal bi-invariant graph triples (Theorem 4.1), yielding an HNN splitting in which the associated subgroups are free factors.\N\NThe main algebraic characterization (Theorem 1.1) states that \(G\) is finitely generated if and only if \(F\) admits a free product decomposition \(F=A\ast \big (\ast_{i\in\mathbb Z} C_i \big )\) with \(A\) and \(C_0\) finitely generated and \(C_i=\psi^i(C_0)\) for all \(i\in\mathbb Z\). Using this, the second main result (Theorem 1.2) proves that every finitely generated free-by-\(\mathbb Z\) group embeds in a finitely generated free-by-\(\mathbb Z\) group as a retract, with relative hyperbolicity properties. Consequently, such groups satisfy a quadratic isoperimetric inequality; in the hyperbolic case, one obtains an embedding as a quasi-convex subgroup of a hyperbolic finitely generated free-by-\(\mathbb Z\) group.

Cites work

• Combination of convergence groups.
• Cubulating hyperbolic free-by-cyclic groups: the general case
• Group rings of three-manifold groups
• Hyperbolic automorphisms of free groups
• Mapping tori of free group automorphisms are coherent
• On quasiconvex subgroups of word hyperbolic groups
• One-relator hierarchies
• Relative hyperbolicity and relative quasiconvexity for countable groups.
• Relatively hyperbolic groups.
• Special cube complexes
• Subgroups of Word Hyperbolic Groups in Dimension 2
• The quadratic isoperimetric inequality for mapping tori of free group automorphisms.
• The virtual Haken conjecture (with an appendix by Ian Agol, Daniel Groves and Jason Manning).

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