A spectral expansion for the symmetric space GL_n(E)/GL_n(F)

DOI10.1007/S00029-025-01066-1MaRDI QIDQ6948968zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 5 August 2025

Published in Selecta Mathematica. New Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S00029-025-01066-1

automorphic representations Eisenstein series Langlands program periods of automorphic forms relative trace formula symmetric spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Special values of automorphic (L)-series, periods of automorphic forms, cohomology, modular symbols (11F67) Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields (11F70) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over global fields and adèle rings (22E55)

Review text

Let \(n\in\mathbb N\) be a natural integer, \(E/F\) a quadratic extension of number fields, \(\mathbb A_E\) and \(\mathbb A=\mathbb A_F\) their rings of adèles, \(G\) the algebraic group \(G_n=\mathrm{GL}(n)\) over \(\mathbb Z\). Fix a Haar measure \(dh\) and a Schwartz test function \(f\) on \(G(\mathbb A_E)\). This paper considers the automorphic kernel \(K_f(g,h) = \sum_{\gamma\in G(E)}f(g^{-1}\gamma h)dh\) for \(g,\) \(h\in G(\mathbb A_E)\), the ``Flicker-Rallis period of this automorphic kernel, defined by the convergent integral \(J^G(g,f)=\int_{G(F)\backslash G(\mathbb A)}K_f(g,h)dh\), and its twisted form \(J^{G,\eta}(g,f)=\int_{G(F)\backslash G(\mathbb A)}K_f(g,h)\eta(\mathrm{det} h)^{n+1}dh\), where \(\eta:\mathbb A^\times/F^\times\to\{\pm1\}\) is the character whose kernel is the norm subgroup \(F^\times N_{E/F}\mathbb A_E^\times/F^\times\). To any cuspidal datum \(\chi\) of \(G(\mathbb A_E)\) one can isolate the \(\chi\)-component \(K_\chi\) of the kernel. Integration over \(G(F)\backslash G(\mathbb A)\) defines a distribution \(f\mapsto J_\chi^{G,\eta}(g,f)\).\N\NApplications use the ``Jacquet-Rallis trace formula -- a regularized version of the divergent integral \(\int_{G(F)\backslash G(\mathbb A)} J^{G_n,\eta}(g,f_n)J^{G_{n+1},\eta}(g,f_{n+1})dg\) for Schwartz functions \(f_n\), \(f_{n+1}\) on \(G_n(\mathbb A)\), \(G_{n+1}(\mathbb A)\), where \(G_n\) is placed in the first \(n\) rows and columns in \(G_{n+1}\). Recent applications for a proof of Gan-Gross-Prasad and Ichino-Ikeda conjectures for unitary groups are based on a spectral decomposition of \(J_\chi^{G,\eta}(g,f)\) for some specific cuspidal data \(\chi\) called \(\ast\)-regular. This article provides ``an extension of this decomposition to any cuspidal datum. Thus the article solves an important step towards the fine spectral decomposition of the Jacquet-Rallis trace formula from which we expect new applications. ``More generally, the results presented here should be useful for the spectral expansion of any trace formula based on the symmetric space \(G(\mathbb A_E)/G(\mathbb A_F)\), in particular a new proof of the fine spectral expansion of Jacquet's relative trace formula and a new explicit computation of the constants that appear there.\N\NAs the work is very long and technical -- Arthur style -- an interested reader could be helped by the reviewer's work in the case \(n=2\): [\textit{Y. Z. Flicker}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 418, 139--172 (1991; Zbl 0725.11026)], that initiated this ``relative industry.

Cites work

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